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Table 1. Cost of Environmental Controls Incremental Control Cost ($/ton coal) Cumulative Equivalent Fuel Cost ($/106 Btu) Base Coal 1.4 SOx 9-15 1.75-2 NOx 8-12 2.1-2.5 Hg 4-13 2.2-3 Base Gas 2.3-2.6 Environmental concern over the sustainability of fuels has also impacted gas turbine development. For example, the passage of the Fuel Use Act in 1978, and its deleterious effect on the US gas turbine market, was prompted by predictions of imminent natural gas reserve shortages. However, the discovery of new reserves during the 1980s counteracted this trend and led to a new environmental view on the desirability of gas turbines. As noted previously, the revelation that this cleaner fuel was also plentiful helped to spur further development. Finally environmental concerns over NOx has impacted gas turbine emission development. Air quality issues were first a pure boon for gas turbines because they were a relatively clean alternative to coal power plants. However, gas turbine emissions were soon to come under scrutiny as well. Regulation and environmental forces would induce manufacturers to invest in emissions research for Breyton cycles. The Clean Air Act of 1970 gave the Environmental Protection Agency the task of establishing aircraft exhaust emissions levels. The EPA published these levels in 1973 and assigned a compliance date of 1979. While this did not directly affect power generation gas turbines because their sales were weak in the late 1970s and 1980s, this manifested an initial way in which environmental concerns would lead to direct impacts in turbine design . Although the gas turbine industry as a whole benefited from environmental pressures such as Clean Air Act amendments and acid rain legislation, some pressures did cause some change in combustion turbine designs, as detailed previously in the description of wet and dry low NOx efforts. 26PDF Image | Energy RD Performance: Gas Turbine Case Study
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