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134 Chapter 4 220 210 200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130 120 0.76 0.78 0.80 0.82 0.84 Mass Utilization Efficiency 0.94 0.96 26.5 V Data 470 K 410 K 290 K 10 h 1h Turn-on Fig. 4-21. Discharge loss versus mass utilization efficiency from the model for the NEXIS thruster [20] for three neutral gas temperatures, for plasma electrons is minimized to reduce the energy loss from the Maxwellian-electron population, a dependence on Aa does not appear in Eq. (4.3-60). However, since the discharge current is carried to the anode primarily by the plasma electrons, the sheath potential at the anode wall in Eq. (4.3-7) is found to decrease as the anode area decreases for a given plasma electron current to the anode. A dependence on the sheath potential is seen in the discharge loss equation, which suggests that minimizing the sheath potential maximizes the efficiency. However, the anode area for plasma electrons cannot go to zero because the discharge current could not be collected by the anode, and the discharge would either interrupt or become unstable [22]. So there is some minimum anode area and plasma potential that can be tolerated for discharge stability. The value of the plasma potential relative to the anode (the anode sheath voltage drop) can be calculated using the expression for the random electron flux to the anode given in Eq. (4.3-7). From current conservation in the discharge, an expression for the discharge current can also be found from the current to the anode [Eq. (4.3-48)]: Id = Ia + IL – Iia . (4.3-61) 0.86 0.88 0.90 0.92 Discharge Loss (eV/ion)PDF Image | Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters
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