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Ion Thruster Accelerator Grids 231 The maximum aperture current is obtained using the definition of beam flatness, which is given as fb Average current density = Iaperture . (5.6-8) Peak current density I max The published value of NSTAR beam flatness from Polk [30] is 0.47. Using Eqs. (5.6-6), (5.6-7), and (5.6-8), the maximum current per aperture is 2.5 10–4 A. Charge exchange ions that can hit the accel grid are generated in between the screen grid exit and the accel grid exit. The distance d between the screen grid exit and the accel grid exit is about 1.12 mm [4]. The charge exchange ion current to the central aperture barrel is then I =Imax n d=1.4 10 6[A]. (5.6-9) CEX aperture o CEX The CEX-2D computer code simulations [4] show that charge exchange ions hit the accelerator grid with about three-tenths of the beam potential. For NSTAR, the beam potential is 1100 V; thus, the average charge exchange ion energy is about 330 V. Using the curve fit in reference [4] for sputtering yield Y, the aperture atom sputter rate is obtained: n sputter = ICEX Y 3.5 1012 [particles/s]. (5.6-10) e This atom sputtering rate can be used to find an initial wall erosion rate by first calculating the volumetric erosion rate: V aperture = n sputter , (5.6-11) Mo M M o where the density of molybdenum is Mo = 1.03 104 and the mass of molybdenum is M Mo = 95.94 AMU = 1.6 10–25 kg. The volumetric erosion rate from Eq. (5.6-11) is then V aperture = n sputter = 3.5 1012 5.5 10 17 [m3/s]. (5.6-12) Mo 1.03 104 aperture mMo 1.6 10 25PDF Image | Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters
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