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Hollow Cathodes 323 9. A Hall thruster hollow cathode has a cathode orifice diameter of 3 mm and produces 20 A of 15 eV primary electrons with a xenon gas flow of 10 sccm. Assume that the gas is at 2000 K and the neutral plume diverges at 45 deg from the orifice. a. Neglecting depletion of the electron current due to ionization, how much of the cathode gas flow is ionized within 10 cm of the cathode? b. Assume that every electron that makes an ionization collision is lost (loses most of its energy and is rapidly thermalized) and that the neutral atom is also lost. How much of the cathode gas flow is then ionized within 10 cm of the cathode? c. If the primary electron energy is 20 V, how much of the cathode gas flow is ionized within 10 cm of the orifice accounting for both primary electron and neutral gas depletion due to ionization? 10. An ion thruster is operated at 2 A of beam current at 1500 V. The thruster has 5% double ion content, a 10-deg beam divergent half angle, a discharge loss of 160 eV/ion, and uses 32 sccm of xenon gas and 20 W of power in addition to the discharge power. a. What insert thickness is required in an NSTAR-type cathode to achieve 5 years of cathode life if barium loss is the life-limiting effect? b. What is the thruster efficiency, Isp, and thrust?PDF Image | Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters
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