PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 354
344 Chapter 7 a=1T2 = T , (7.3-16) 2 m a P d o c which describes the basic thruster performance without considering the effects of the cathode flow or power used to generate the magnetic field. This is usually done to separate out the cathode and magnet losses so that trends in the plasma production and acceleration mechanisms can be discerned. The anode efficiency should not be confused with the total efficiency of the thruster given by Eq. (7.3-3). It is useful to show an example of the relative magnitude of the efficiency terms derived above. Figure 7-9 (from [10]) shows the anode efficiency that was defined in Eq. (7.3-16) and the other efficiency terms discussed above for the laboratory-model NASA-173Mv2 Hall thruster operating at 10 mg/s versus the discharge voltage. In this figure, the charge utilization efficiency is the net efficiency decrease due to multiply charged ions [10], the voltage utilization efficiency ( v ) is the conversion of voltage into axially directed ion velocity, the current utilization efficiency ( b ) is the fraction of ion current contained in the discharge current, and mass utilization efficiency ( m ) is the conversion of neutral mass flux into ion mass flux. The anode efficiency increases with discharge voltage, largely because the voltage efficiency and current efficiency increase with voltage. The current utilization is always lower than the other efficiency terms, suggesting that the ultimate efficiency of Hall thrusters is dominated by the electron dynamics involved in producing the plasma and neutralizing the beam. This emphasizes the importance [9,10] of optimizing the magnetic field design to maximize the thruster efficiency. The value of in Eq. (7.3-15) that is typically found for Hall thrusters can be evaluated using Eq. (2.3-15) and the data in the literature. For example, a 10% double-ion content gives a thruster correction factor in Eq. (2.3-14) of = 0.973. The thrust loss due to the beam angular divergence of Hall thrusters isgivenbyEq.(2.3-10),(FT =cos ).ForbothSPT-100Hallthrusters[6]and TAL thrusters [29], a half-angle divergence of equal to about 20~deg is observed, producing FT = 0.94 . The total correction factor is then = FT = 0.915 for typical Hall thruster conditions. Values for of about 0.9 have been reported. The equivalent discharge loss for a Hall thruster can also be calculated [4,6] to provide information on how the thruster design impacts the cost of producing the beam ions. The average energy cost for producing a beam ion is thePDF Image | Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters
PDF Search Title:
Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall ThrustersOriginal File Name Searched:
Goebel__cmprsd_opt.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |