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432 Chapter 9 Table 9-2. NSTAR throttle table. NSTAR Throttle Level 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PPU Input Power (W) 2567 2416 2272 2137 2006 1842 1712 1579 1458 1345 1222 1111 994 825 729 577 Engine Input Power (W) 2325 2200 2077 1960 1845 1717 1579 1456 1344 1238 1123 1018 908 749 659 518 Calculated Specific Total Thrust Impulse (mN) (s) (%) 92.7 3127 61.8 87.9 3164 62.4 83.1 3192 63.0 78.4 3181 62.8 73.6 3196 63.1 68.4 3184 62.6 63.2 3142 61.8 57.9 3115 61.1 52.7 3074 59.6 47.9 3065 59.0 42.6 3009 57.4 37.4 2942 55.4 32.1 2843 52.7 27.5 2678 48.7 24.6 2382 47.2 20.7 1979 42.0 Efficiency improvements to be considered a second-generation device. A photograph of the 25-cm XIPS thruster, which is also manufactured by L-3 Communications, Electron Technologies, Inc., is shown in Fig. 9-4. To date, fourteen of the Boeing 702 communications satellites with a total of 56 XIPS thrusters have been successfully launched and are in operation. The initial operation of the 25-cm thrusters in space on the 702 satellites was described in 2002 [10]. After launch, these thrusters are first used for orbit raising and then provide all of the propulsion requirements for orbit control including north-south and east-west station keeping, attitude control, and momentum dumping. The ion thrusters are also used for any optional station change strategies and will ultimately be used for de-orbit at the end of the satellite’s lifetime. The “high power” orbit insertion mode requires nearly continuous operation by two of the thrusters for times of 500 to 1000 hours, depending on the launch vehicle and satellite weight. This mode utilizes about 4.5 kW of bus power to generate a 1.2-kV, 3-A ion beam, which produces 165-mN thrust at a specific impulse of about 3500 seconds. Once orbit insertionPDF Image | Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters
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