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Air Compression Figure 1 Illustrative diagram. Expansion Exhaust 2 2’ 1 4 4’ A Bouam et al. / Gas Turbine Performances Improvement Using Steam Injection in the Combustion Chamber 253 Fuel Combustion chamber T depends upon the pinch point of the boiler. Due to this pinch point and the turbine outlet temperature, the HRSG cannot utilize all the heat available in the flue gas to generate steam. The objective of the present work is to improve the perfor- mances of gas turbine used under Sahara conditions by injecting suitable quantities of steam in the upstream com- bustion chamber. The suggested method has been studied and compared with a simple cycle. Efficiency, however, is held constant when the ambient temperature increases from ISO conditions (15°C, 60% relative humidity) to 50°C. Computer program has been developed for various gas tur- bine processes including the effect of ambient temperature. This is achieved by studying the effect of steam injection on the gas turbine performances. 1 THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS 1.1 General Description The simple open cycle gas turbine with one shaft and the T-s diagram for this cycle are shown schematically in Figures 1, 2 [1-3, 20]. The non-ideal cycle (with fluid friction) is represented on T-s diagram by 1-2-3-4 and it can be characterized by two significant parameters: the pressure ratio and the combustion temperature. Both the compression process with fluid friction 1-2 and the expansion process with fluid friction 3-4 show an increase in entropy as compared with the corresponding ideal process 1-2’ and 3-4’. Loss of pressure during heat addition (process 2-3) and heat rejection (process 4-1) are not neglected in this analysis. The compression and expansion process with fluid friction can be assigned polytropic or isen- tropic efficiencies [2, 3, 20]. 1.2 Proposed Cycle The proposed scheme is based on a HRSG to a baseline combustion chamber. Figure 2 Thermodynamic cycles T-s of a simple gas turbine. Entropy s 3 Pressure drops Air Fuel Steam Combustion chamber HRSG Net power output Exhaust Feed Water Figure 3 Scheme of the steam injected plant proposed. Compressor Turbine Net power output TemperaturePDF Image | Gas Turbine Improvement with Steam Injection Combustion Sahara Conditions
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