Gas Turbine Improvement with Steam Injection Combustion Sahara Conditions

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Gas Turbine Improvement with Steam Injection Combustion Sahara Conditions ( gas-turbine-improvement-with-steam-injection-combustion-saha )

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254 Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Rev. IFP, Vol. 63 (2008), No. 2 In this way, the original turbine is transformed into a STIG, thereby increasing power. Obviously only a limited amount of steam can be injected into the original gas turbine [1, 13, 14, 17]. The calculations that follow are done consid- ering a maximum of 10%. The exhaust flow the existing HRSG is increased, those benefiting the steam cycle [1]. The pressure required to inject this steam into the turbine is relatively low compared to that usually employed in steam turbines. So the HRSG can be a very simple design, with a simple pressure level and a low pinch point, thus reducing the stuck temperature and increasing heat recovery. The pro- posed scheme is shown in Figure 3. 1.3 Compression Analysis The work required to compress the unit mass of air in the compressor is then represented as: steam produced by the additional HRSG into the upstream of the combustor. The change in the parameters when steam is injected can be evaluated by applying the steady flow energy equation to the combustion chamber for operation without and with injection [1, 20]. The follows into and out of a com- bustion chamber are shown schematically in Figure 4. T2 ∫cpa.dT wC = T1 Ma 1.4 Combustion Chamber Analysis (1) n m ⎝ 4 ⎠⎣ 2 2⎦ () 2 ⎡ ⎛ m⎞⎤ ⎡ ⎛n+m⎞⎤ 􏰏􏰏􏰏 ⎢ ⎝ 4⎠⎥ ⎢ ⎝4⎠⎥ ⎣⎦⎣⎦ 1.5 Expansion Analysis Writing this equation for dry and wet operation, gives the following relation for fuel-to-air ratio: ms mf ma,2 Figure 4 m3= mg,3+ms Control volume for application of the SFEE over the combustion chamber. Concerning the combustor the computer code calculates the thermodynamics properties of the combustion products chemical and thermodynamic equilibrium. The hydrocar- bons fuel chemical reaction is determine by the following expression, [1]: (2) The specific work generated by the turbine per unit mass of air after receiving combustion gas of mass (1+f), can be written as: T4 ∫cpg.dT T (3) wT = 3 Mg 2 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF STIG CYCLES PLANT The analysis discuss in the previously paragraph concerns simple gas turbine cycle i.e. without steam injection. Furthermore, the approach followed has as a purpose the evaluation of overall performance changes by injecting the The SFEE (steady flow energy equation) for the combus- tion chamber is: ⎛n+m⎞ C H +λ⎜ ⎟⎡O +3.76N ⎤+ s H O → n CO m􏰏a*h2,a+m􏰏f*LCV+m􏰏s*hs,tinj = (4) () 2 +⎢(λ−1)⎜n+ ⎟⎥O2+⎢3.76λ⎜ ⎟⎥N2 +(m/2+s)H2O (m+m *h +m*h af ) 3,g s s,t CC f = m􏰏 f m􏰏 a (h −h )+s(h −h ) f′= 3,g 2,a 3,s 2,s ( 5 ) (6) (7) where ηCC * LCV − h3,g P m􏰏f = manf LCV * ηmanf We note that s expresses the relative specific enthalpy raise of the injected steam with respect to the enthalpy rise for transformation of the air into combustion chamber. This parameter is then defined as: (A −C)*α+(B −C)*γ s=1111 γ*D −(A −C)*β 111 (8)

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