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The design team was asked to concentrate their initial efforts on implementing the electric propulsion system, taking into consideration the availability, by 2025, of an electric power source that can accumulate at least 1 kWh/kg and electric motor(s) delivering 5 kW/kg or better. The power supply should be tailored to sustain flight for a 500 km (270 NM) mission with 45 minutes reserve at a maximum takeoff weight of 1,800 Kg (3,900 lbs.). Although electric propulsion is the main driver, several incoming technologies should be considered for incorporation at a later stage of the project such as digital fly-by-wire flight controls, crash avoidance system, artificial intelligence, low-cost composites, additive manufacturing, 5G internet supporting autonomous operation. The question presented to the design team was: With some of these technologies incorporated into a new product, how a new breed of the disruptive flying machine would look like? The studies resulted in three potential configurations for the future “EEL-A - Electric Engine Light Aircraft,” all of them sharing the same basic airframe with variations on engine configuration, as shown in Figure 6. Each version of the aircraft incorporates high aerodynamic and structural efficient airframe using advanced composite manufacturing for complex-curved fuselage and T-tail to keep the horizontal stabilizer away from the fans slipstream. They also are equipped with a laminar flow, high aspect ratio cantilever wings. The main landing gear retracts inside the aft fuselage, and two sets of batteries are stored in wing roots, and a third emergency battery is located inside the fuselage. Figure 6 – Electric aircraft studies Under investigation by the design team were a twin Ducted electro-fan option, an Open-Rotor class propulsion system with four electric motors driving four counter-rotating props as well as a single engine Boundary- Layer-Ingestion option. On the two first versions, the engines are attached to the fuselage just behind the wing trailing edge. The BLI version has one engine driving distortion airflow tolerant fans embedded in the aft fuselage to ingest the slower-moving boundary layer over the rear fuselage and reenergize the wake for reduced drag. A decision will be made in the coming months about the best option to proceed with further studies. 6PDF Image | General Aviation 2025 A study for electric propulsion
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