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sensors Article A Green Triboelectric Nano-Generator Composite of Degradable Cellulose, Piezoelectric Polymers of PVDF/PA6, and Nanoparticles of BaTiO3 Zhuangzhi Sun 1,2,*, Lu Yang 1, Sicheng Liu 1, Jintao Zhao 3, Zhiwei Hu 1,* and Wenlong Song 1,* 1 2 Province Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Equipment Engineering, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150000, China; yanglu1995x@163.com (L.Y.); liusicheng@nefu.edu.cn (S.L.) Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150000, China Harbin University of Science and Technology, Rongcheng 264200, China; zhaojintao@hrbust.edu.cn 3 * Correspondence: sunzhuangzhi@nefu.edu.cn (Z.S.); zhu@nefu.edu.cn (Z.H.); wlsong@nefu.edu.cn (W.S.) Received: 21 November 2019; Accepted: 2 January 2020; Published: 16 January 2020 Abstract: In this paper, a kind of green triboelectric nano-generator based on natural degradable cellulose is proposed. Different kinds of regenerated cellulose composite layers are prepared by a blending doping method, and then assembled with poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) thin films to form tribioelectric nanogenerator (TENG). The results show that the open circuit output voltage and the short circuit output current using a pure cellulose membrane is 7.925 V and 1.095 μA. After adding a certain amount of polyamide (PA6)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/barium titanate (BaTiO3), the open circuit output voltage peak and the peak short circuit output current increases by 254.43% (to 20.155 V) and 548.04% (to 6.001 μA). The surface morphology, elemental composition and functional group of different cellulose layers are characterized by Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and tested by the electrochemical analyze. Moreover, after multiple assembly and rectification processing, the electrical output performance shows that the peak value of open-circuit output voltage and the peak value of short circuit output current increases by 132.06% and 116.13%. Within 500 s of the charge-discharge test, the single peak charge reached 3.114 V, and the two peak charges reached 3.840 V. The results demonstrate that the nano-generator based on cellulose showed good stability and reliability, and the application and development of natural biomaterials represented by cellulose are greatly promoted in miniature electronic sensing area. Keywords: nano-generator; cellulose; piezoelectric polymers; nanoparticles; performance 1. Introduction In nature, there are different kinds of energy, where mechanical energy has the characteristics of high energy density, diverse expressions and wide distribution, which is the preferred choice for energy harvesting and conversion. In previous studies, it has been proved that nano-generators can effectively convert mechanical energy into electrical energy [1–4], and the conversion efficiency depends on the degree of coupling between friction effect and electrostatic induction. Moreover, nano-generators have the characteristics of high output voltage, small size, light weight, low cost and good safety [5–9]. They are widely used in the fields of mobile electronic devices, sensing systems and biomedicine [10–13]. Now, it becomes the research focus in energy collection and conversion. Nowadays, there are more and more types of nano-generators and more mature energy harvesting devices are being developed, which mainly include piezoelectric [14–20], friction [21–29], Sensors 2020, 20, 506; doi:10.3390/s20020506 www.mdpi.com/journal/sensorsPDF Image | Green Triboelectric Nano-Generator Composite of Degradable Cellulose, Piezoelectric Polymers of PVDF PA6
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