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CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION OF TRIBOELECTRIC NANOGENERATOR The triboelectric effect is ubiquitous in our everyday life and results from two different materials coming into contact. It is generally regarded as a negative effect in industry given that the electrostatic charges induced from it can lead to ignition, dust explosions, dielectric breakdown, electronic damage, etc. From an energy point of view, those electrostatic charges constitute a capacitive energy device when the two triboelectric surfaces are separated, which led to the invention of early electrostatic generators such as the “friction machine” and Van de Graaff generator.1 By coupling this triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) was first invented by the Wang group in 2012 to effectively harness ambient mechanical energy that is ubiquitous but usually wasted in our everyday life.2 More specifically, triboelectrification/contact electrification provides static polarized charges on material surfaces in contact, while electrostatic induction drives the transformation of mechanical energy to electricity through the change in electrical potential induced by mechanically- agitated separation. Over the past 6 years, this TENG concept has been expanded to different working modes3-8 to enable broad application scenarios, such as mechanical vibrations, human motions, wind and water waves.9, 10 In addition to versatile operation modes, the TENG has many other merits, including broad material availability, light weight, low cost, and high efficiency even at low operation frequencies. In principle, any material with distinct charge affinity can be used to construct a TENG, which results in a broad range of materials at opposite ends of 1PDF Image | HIGH PERFORMANCE TRIBOELECTRIC NANOGENERATOR AND ITS APPLICATIONS
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