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CHAPTER 4. APPLICATION OF TENG FOR ACTIVE SENSING 4.1 Recent Progress of TENG as Active Sensors Owing to its ability of transforming mechanical stimuli to electrical signals directly without additional transducers, TENG has great potential in the field of active sensing and self-powered sensors. Successful demonstrations include tactile touch sensors,33-35 acoustic sensors,31, 32, 36, 37 motion and acceleration sensors,38-40 and chemical sensors.41-44 Meanwhile, TENG also offers power-efficient and cost-effective solutions for advanced HMI in the era of IoT.47, 48 A representative TENG-based touch sensor is shown in Figure 40a.35 The thin-film- based triboelectric sensor (TES) had a multi-layered sandwich structure, with nylon as the bottom substrate, indium tin oxide (ITO) as electrodes, PET as the dielectric between two electrodes, and FEP as the electrification layer that generates triboelectric charges upon contact with a foreign object. As the foreign object separated with the TES, a voltage signal would be generated across the two electrodes due to the change in electric potential, without the need of an external power supply. By integrating the TES with a signal- processing circuit, the signals generated from finger touching or foot pressing could be used to trigger functional electronics such as a light or a wireless alarm. The first TENG- based chemical sensor was developed by Lin et al. for mercury ion detection (Figure 40b).41 The self-powered sensor was made of a contact-separation TENG, which used 3- mercaptopropionic-acid modified Au nanoparticles as the electrical performance enhancer and recognition element. The electrical output of triboelectric chemical sensor is highly sensitive and selective to mercury ions, and owing to the power generation capability of 106PDF Image | HIGH PERFORMANCE TRIBOELECTRIC NANOGENERATOR AND ITS APPLICATIONS
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