HIGH PERFORMANCE TRIBOELECTRIC NANOGENERATOR AND ITS APPLICATIONS

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HIGH PERFORMANCE TRIBOELECTRIC NANOGENERATOR AND ITS APPLICATIONS ( high-performance-triboelectric-nanogenerator-and-its-applica )

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films were used as the supporting substrates for all electrodes. (c) Photographs of the proof- of-concept triboelectric numeric keypad consisting of 16 keys at different mechanical states (Scale bar: 2 cm). Reproduced with permission.151 Copyright 2018, Elsevier. To reveal the practical shielding effect, the electrical outputs from our triboelectric key and a reference key without shield electrode as a human finger slowly approaches, presses, releases and leaves the keys, were tested, with the results plotted in Figure 42a. For our triboelectric key, the undesired voltage components induced from touch, denoted by T1 and T2, were greatly reduced and hence the SINR was improved from around 2 dB to nearly 10 dB, where SINR is defined as 10log10(Vpress/(Vtouch+ Vnoise)).183 Therefore, the rationally designed triboelectric key can hugely diminish the effects of inadvertent touch from the fundamental physical level. Furthermore, the pressure-sensitive signal from the fabricated triboelectric key device makes it possible to introduce factors such as typing force and finger size into keystroke dynamics without the necessity of conventional pressure sensors. Figure 42b presents the maximum output voltage of the device under various typing forces with a contact area of 1 cm2. Three different response regions were observed and can be attributed to the different contact statuses between the top and bottom parts. The first transition occurs when the typing force enables the contact between the two parts, while the second one is due to the saturation of the contact area. The increase in contact area can induce a more significant increase in output voltage than the decrease in gap distance, which explains why the closed-gap region has a steeper slope (17.63 V/N) than that of the first open-gap region (1.72 V/N). The durability of the key device was also tested and proved to be fully functional even after eight thousand typing cycles under the same stimulated conditions. The surface of the device was chemically treated as well to 112

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