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Chapter4. DataAnalysis 69 4.5.2 Scarfed Nozzle Compared to the serrated geometry, the scarfed nozzle is a rather simple imple- mentation of noise reduction technology. The scarfed appendix extends down- stream of the baseline nozzle exit plane in order to preserve the flow area of the baseline nozzle. Figure 4.24 shows two selective TOBs of the isolated and in- stalled scarfed nozzle test. Again, the plots exhibit the same general behaviour that could be observed for all experiments. The main source has rearward directivity and reaches its peak intensity at St ≈ 1 at x/dBypass = 5 and consists mostly of low-frequency mixing noise. The high-frequency noise occurs closer to the nozzle and radiates mainly into the forward quadrant. Wing presence also causes the commonly observable higher frequency ( f > 500 Hz) sound sources to appear close to the wing trailing edge. Interestingly, the wing does not add to the maximum SPL at lower frequen- cies when a scarfed nozzle is installed. Instead, it only increases the total noise emission at higher frequencies ( f > 4000 Hz), and then only by 1 − 2 dB. Com- pared to the baseline nozzle, the main sound source possesses a slightly more pronounced forward directivity and has moved upstream by approximately one nozzle diameter. In addition, noise sources close to the nozzle are more domi- nant for the scarfed build. The intensity of the sound field does not change much, however. The scarfed nozzle lowers the maximum SPL by 1 dB at maximum for frequencies between 1 − 2 kHz. Investigation of the isolated comparison plot of baseline and scarfed nozzles (Fig. 4.25) confirms that the high-frequency mix- ing noise close to the nozzle moves slightly downstream, most likely due to the scarfed lip of the nozzle acting as an artificial sound barrier. It can be concluded that the scarfed nozzle build has a positive effect regarding interaction noise, but does not significantly change the sound field concerning mixing noise. Since it is comparably easier to fully design and optimise a scarfed nozzle than a serrated one, the former may act as a cheaper substitude to the more demanding serration designs. The added mass has to be weighted against the sound reduction effect.PDF Image | Investigation of wing installation effects on the sound field of a model jet engine
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