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Military Jet Engine Acquisition Technology Basics and Cost-Estimating Methodology

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Military Jet Engine Acquisition Technology Basics and Cost-Estimating Methodology ( military-jet-engine-acquisition-technology-basics-and-cost-e )

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Jet Engine Basics, Metrics, and Technological Trends 17 10:1 9:1 8:1 7:1 6:1 5:1 4:1 3:1 2:1 1:1 0 1950 1960 1970 Year entering low-rate production RAND MR1596-2.3 Turbofan Turbojet Figure 2.3—Turbojet and Turbofan Thrust-to-Weight Trends Since 1950 of air per second, or kg of air per second) is also an indication of the size of an engine and an indication of the size of inlet required. Overall pressure ratio (OPR) is the dimensionless ratio of the pressure of the air exiting the high-pressure compressor to the pressure of the air entering the fan on a turbofan engine, or entering the compressor on a turbojet, turboprop, or turboshaft. High OPR contributes to high engine efficiency and, in turn, low SFC. However, raising engine OPR results in heavier and more costly engines because it normally requires additional compressor or fan stages and larger turbines. High OPR also produces design and manufacturing challenges, including small, geometrically complex high-pressure compressor airfoils that must endure higher temperatures in the last compressor stages. Figure 2.4 illustrates the steady and rapid increase in OPR for turbojets, turbofans, and turboshafts over the past five decades. The smaller core engines, including turboshafts, normally have lower OPRs. Rotor inlet temperature (RIT) is the temperature of the air/fuel com- bustion products as they enter the high-pressure turbine’s first row of rotating turbine blades (rotor), after having left the row of sta- 1980 1990 2000 Thrust-to-weight ratio

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