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Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Problem area Public awareness and political concern over the environmental impact of civil aviation growth (predicted at 5.9% per year in 2007 [1]) has improved substan- tially during the past 30 years. As the environmental awareness increases, so does the effort associated with addressing NOx and CO2 emissions by all the parties involved. In the Vision 2020 report [2], made by the Advisory Council for Aeronautical Research in Europe on European aeronautics, goals are set to reduce noise and emissions produced by the ever increasing global air traffic. Emissions legislation, set by the International Civil Aviation Organisation and it’s Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection, is becoming ever more stringent, creating a strong driver for investigating novel aero engine designs that produce less CO2 and NOx emissions. On the other hand, airline companies need to continuously reduce their oper- ating costs in order to increase, or at least maintain, their profitability. This introduces an additional design challenge as new aero engine designs need to be conceived for reduced environmental impact as well as direct operating costs. Decision making on optimal engine cycle selection needs to consider mission fuel burn, direct operating costs, engine and airframe noise, emissions and global warming impact. A tool following a Techno-economic, Environmental and Risk Assessment (TERA) approach is required to conceive and assess engine designs with minimum environmental impact and lowest cost of ownership in a variety of 1PDF Image | Multi-disciplinary conceptual design of future jet engine systems
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