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Module Development Konstantinos G. Kyprianidis considered for each of the two streams. The recuperator component is used for transferring heat from the LPT outlet to the combustor inlet. At off-design conditions the recuperator effectiveness is calculated using a scaled component characteristic. The pressure drop in the recuperator is specified as a fraction of the total pressure at the inlet of each stream, hot and cold. Both “hot” and “cold” pressure losses are considered for each of the two streams. The High Pressure Turbine (HPT) cooling flow is extracted from the HPC outlet and only a part of it is consider to do work in the rotor; Nozzle Guide Vane (NGV) and blade cooling, as well as sealing requirements are considered. In the intercooled recuperated core turbofan engine configuration, the HPT cooling flow is extracted from the recuperator cold stream outlet; this practice improves the engine’s Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) since more energy can be recuperated for a given recuperator effectiveness level and despite the consequent increase in cooling air requirements [88,97]. The Intermediate Pressure Turbine (IPT) cooling flow is extracted a bit earlier in the HPC compression process and only a part of it is consider to do work in the rotor; NGV and blade cooling, as well as sealing flow requirements are considered. The LPT sealing and outlet casing flows are extracted much earlier in the HPC compression process; a part of the former is consider to do work in the rotor. For the burner component a correlation from [88] is used to estimate combustion efficiency based on combustor load and volume. The “can” volume is estimated at the design point from the correlation proposed in [88] assuming a typical load value for aero engine combustors. The pressure drop is expressed as a fraction of the component’s inlet total pressure and both “hot” and “cold” pressure losses are considered. For cooled turbines, the equivalent single stage efficiency definition is used in the expansion process modelling, as described in [92]. Turbine characteristics are used for the HPT, IPT, and LPT components. The fraction of the turbine cooling air that does work in the rotor is mixed with the turbine main inlet flow at the rotor inlet. The corrected mass flow values read from the turbine map correspond to this engine station. The fraction of the turbine cooling air that doesn’t do work in the rotor is mixed at the outlet of the turbine rotor and is therefore not considered in the efficiency calculation. All calculations for cooling 42PDF Image | Multi-disciplinary conceptual design of future jet engine systems
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