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Low pressure system component advancements Konstantinos G. Kyprianidis 5.1 Introduction Several efforts in the past have successfully targeted the development of mod- els capable of making multidisciplinary assessments of gas turbine engines at a preliminary design stage, and these were discussed in Chapter 2. However, the nature of the work available in the public domain has been to convincingly present the capability of the tools by means of some application examples, rather than to focus on generating results that could be generalised. Within the European research project VITAL (enVIronmenTALly friendly aero engines) [31], a number of low pressure system component technologies are being investigated. The emerging progress will allow the design of new power plants capable of providing a step change in engine fuel burned and noise generated. An aero engine conceptual design tool like TERA2020 (Techno-economic, Environ- mental and Risk Assessment for 2020), can prove useful in assessing the impact of engine component technology progress at aircraft system level for the three VITAL configurations, i.e. the Direct Drive TurboFan (DDTF), the Geared Tur- boFan (GTF) and the Counter-Rotating TurboFan (CRTF). By using the tool to establish sensitivity factors a rapid assessment of the impact of research on the three architectures may be performed. The sensitivities may be formulated in such a way that they, whenever possible on a preliminary design stage, relate component design parameters with engine/aircraft performance. This approach distinguishes itself from the more simplistic approach of assuming an achieve- ment on the module level. For instance, a Low Pressure Turbine (LPT) weight reduction may be computed as a consequence of an increased stage loading pa- rameter relating the stage loading directly to the aircraft performance rather than implicitly through module weight. For the purposes of this work, sensitivities are firstly produced relating param- eters traditionally used to describe component performance, such as allowable shaft torque, low pressure turbine stage loading, fan blade weight and system level parameters. Using these sensitivities an assessment of the impact of fail- ing to deliver specific technology advancements, as researched under the VITAL project, is performed; the impact has been quantified, in terms of power plant noise and CO2 emissions. Inversely, these results also indicate the relative im- portance of researching certain component technologies for different engine ar- chitectures. 108PDF Image | Multi-disciplinary conceptual design of future jet engine systems
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