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Konstantinos G. Kyprianidis Assessment of core technologies and concepts beneficial in terms of thermal fatigue [97]. Sulphidation on the other hand could become an issue, and therefore care should be taken during design. 6.5 Conclusion This chapter explored and quantified potential block fuel and NOx benefits from introducing heat-exchanged cores in future aero engine designs, as studied within the European collaborative project NEWAC. SFC improvements from introduc- ing an intercooled core of an OPR of 80 were discussed and the potential of utilis- ing a variable geometry auxiliary nozzle to tweak the performance was assessed. Potential benefits from introducing a variable geometry LPT in an intercooled recuperated core were also quantified. Important observations were made with respect to the need to carry out the HPC aerodynamic design at cruise condi- tions, and the IPC aerodynamic design at T-O conditions, if a variable geometry LPT is introduced. The performance of heat exchanged cores, with year 2020 EIS level of tech- nology, was compared to conventional core turbofan engines at aircraft system level, and the results showed considerable benefits in terms of block fuel. An emissions assessment was also carried out, and the necessity of introducing lean- burn combustion technology in order to keep cruise NOx at acceptable levels was demonstrated. Significant benefits in terms of LTO NOx reduction were predicted from the introduction of a variable geometry LPT in an intercooled core with lean-burn combustion technology. Additional research effort could be undertaken to address heat-exchanger failure modes, noise and direct operating costs. 6.6 Outlook Improvements in engine propulsive efficiency, as a way of reducing emissions from turbofan engines, have been discussed in Chapter 5 in terms of specific thrust reduction. In this chapter, the need for higher engine thermal efficiency was addressed by exploring benefits from the potential introduction of heat- exchanged cores in future aero engine designs. In the next chapter, TERA2020 149PDF Image | Multi-disciplinary conceptual design of future jet engine systems
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