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Power Electronics and Wind Power GERTMAR Lars fits into ABB’s general strategy to focus on selected areas of electrical power engineering and on industrial automation as a whole. Conclusions hold some thoughts on wind power’s need for power electronics and on EPE’s role in wind power generation on large scale. On electricity’s business and physical manifestations In order to establish wind power on large scale, one has thus to include business aspects like the payback by selling electrical energy to a market especially in time periods of electrical power utilities deregulation. One has also to include storage because a fungible [a law term for interchangeable] commodity business, like oil, gas, coal, food, metals, and the like, has normally a transport system and at least one storage capacity. It seems appropriate to quote H. Lee Willis2, ABB, Raleigh, NC, US, here: ”.... Modern power industry is particularly difficult to understand because of the dichotomy [= the division into two classes] between electricity’s business and physical manifestations. From the business perspective, electric power is a fungible commodity, something that can be traded much like oil, wheat, or coffee, and for which future markets and hedging systems can and do exist. But in its physical manifestation, electricity is quite unlike all other traded commodities. Perhaps the funda- mental difference is that it cannot be stored to any significant degree. This greatly affects how it must be managed as a business asset, and greatly constrains how its present and future market prices do or don’t interact, as compared to other commodities. In a large part due to its ‘storage-less’ nature ...” Electricity’s storage capacity is normally located outside the plants as a hydro dam, an oil tank, a coal lot, a gas pipe, all in front of the power generation plant. The major exception is nuclear fuel, which has a very high energy density and is stored as an assembly inside the reactor tank to cover the production during a year. Electricity’s business and physical manifestation is connected by dispatch3. The major part of the wind power generated is subsidised today. In a future large scale, it must be sold on a market. It can be sold through a monopoly but more and more electrical energy is traded in an open competition on a power exchange. So, wind power must be sold in competition via business manifestations. EPE’s activities today are mainly dealing with those aspects of power electronics, which are clearly apparent to the sight (hardware) or to understanding by engineering models (software, design, automatic control, etc.) and by monitoring of physical quantities. The EPE activities and results can thus be seen as: hidden to the public at large, associated to electricity’s physical manifestations to a high degree, very little connected to what could be called electricity’s business manifestations but should most likely benefit from public visualization & business aspects in its curriculum. 2 Preface at page iii in M. Shahidehpour and M. Alomoush: Restructured Electrical Power Systems: Operation, Trading, and volatility, 2000, ISBN 0-8247-0620-X 3 Dispatch: Operating control of an integrated electric system involving operations such as assignment of levels of output to specific generating stations and other sources of supply; control of transmission lines, substations, and equipment; operation of principal interties and switching; and scheduling of energy transactions. US DOE: National Transmission Grid Study, May 2002, http://tis.eh.doe.gov/ntgs/gridstudy/main_screen.pdf EPE 2003 - Toulouse ISBN : 90-75815-07-7 P.3PDF Image | Power Electronics and Wind Power
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