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As it can be seen the wind farms have interesting features in order to act as a power source to the grid. Some have better abilities than others. Bottom-line will always be a total cost scenario including production, investment, maintenance and reliability. This may be different depending on the planned site. VIII. WIND POWER TRENDS The installed power in wind energy has grown rapidly in many years. Today more than 45000 MW are installed globally with recently an annual market of 8000 MW. This is illustrated in Fig. 13. change this. The power scaling has been an important tool to reduce the price pr. kWh. Fig. 14 shows the average size of the installed wind turbines in Denmark as well as their produced energy pr. m2 swept area pr. year. It can be seen that the technology is improving and it is possible to produce more than 900 kWh/m2/year. This depends of course on location and from experience off-shore wind-farms are able to produce much more energy The influence on the power scaling can also be seen at the prices pr. kWh for different wind-turbine sizes in two different landscape classes and it is shown in Fig. 15. The key to reduce price is to increase the power and today prototype turbines of 4-5 MW are seen around the world being tested. Finally, the development of wind turbines is illustrated in Fig. 16. It is expected 10 MW wind turbines will be present in 2010. IX. CONCLUSIONS The paper discusses the applications of power electronic for the wind turbine technology. The development of modern power electronics has been briefly reviewed. The applications of power electronics in various kinds of wind turbine generation systems and offshore wind farms are also illustrated, showing that the wind turbine behavior/performance is very much improved by using power electronics. They are able to act as a contributor to the frequency and voltage control by means of active and reactive power control. Also it can be concluded the power scaling of wind turbines is important in order to be able to reduce the energy cost. Fig. 13. Annually installed and accumulated (Source: Risoe National Laboratory, Denmark) The expectations for the future are also very positive as many countries have progressive plans. Table IV gives an estimate for the installed wind power in 2010 based on official statements from different European countries. It can be seen that many countries will increase their wind power capacity in large scales. In Denmark the installed capacity is expected to approach saturation as the problems of a too high capacity compared to the load level are appearing. However, energy cost rise can wind power globally. . Tabel III. Comparison of Wind Farms Farm configuration (Fig. 12) A B No No Centralized Partly Contribute 200ms - 2s No Yes Partly Yes ++ ++ C Yes Yes Yes Yes No 10 -100 ms Yes No Yes No + + D No Yes Yes Yes No 10 ms – 10 s Yes No Yes No + + Individual speed control Control active power electronically Control reactive power Short circuit (active) Short circuit power Control bandwidth Standby-function Yes Softstarter needed No Rolling capacity on grid Yes Redundancy Yes Investment + Maintenance + Yes Yes Yes Partly Contribute 10-100 msPDF Image | Power Electronics in Wind Turbine Systems
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