PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 010
www.advancedsciencenews.com www.advenergymat.de the major applications, apparently, is powering electric devices by use of the output electric signals from WD-TENG. The resulting electric energy can also be stored in energy storage equipment, for instance, capacitor and Li-ion battery, as a secondary energy source. Moreover, as a self-sufficient, high- efficient power source, WD-TENG has been involved in various self-powered systems by collecting wind energy from ambient environment. The applications of WD-TENG in different fields have been briefly summarized in this section. The WD-TENG can be utilized as a power source for run- ning some electric devices.[66] However, sometime the integra- tion of WD-TENG is crucial to meet the large power demand in some situation. Several typical applications have been summa- rized in Figure 7a. Ten light-emitting diodes (LEDs) connected in series were simultaneously lighted up through directly con- necting to the integrated ten WD-TENGs driven by the external air flow, as shown in the figure. The printed text can be visible in a completely dark environment in use of the illumination of LEDs.[31] An integrated nanogenerators system can be installed on the roofs of city house to provide urban illumination.[15] A white globe light bulb can be directly driven by WD-TENGs and hence providing sufficient light intensity of about 43 lx for reading text.[63] Furthermore, a temperature sensor system for sustainably measuring human body temperature was accom- plished through scavenging human nose blowing induced low air-flow energy by WD-TENG. In addition, a smart wireless sensor node system which is composed of a WD-TENG, a power management circuit, a 10 mF capacitor, a wireless smart tem- perature sensor node, and an iPhone was fabricated to monitor environment temperature and then send data to iPhone for further analysis. The wireless smart temperature sensor can measure the temperature of a human finger and show a value of 30.37 °C on an iPhone through a wireless connection. The output current derived from WD-TENG is alternating current power, which in some degree limits WD-TENG’s appli- cation in some situation. Much effort has been devoted toward converting alternating current into direct current, and hence the capacitor and battery technology are introduced to over- come this problem. Under an air-flow velocity of 15 m s−1, a dual-plate flag structure WD-TENG with a size of 7.5 × 5 cm2 can fully charge a 100 μF capacitor within 4 min.[56] Meanwhile, a TiO2 nanotube array based Li-ion battery can be charged from 0.2 to 2.1 V within 10 min by using a hybrid nanogenerator, leading to a total electrical capacity of about 11.7 μAh.[15] Assembled with other electric devices as various self-power systems, WD-TENG is expected to be utilized in different con- ditions, which represents an important step forward to practical applications.[67] A WD-TENG based self-power humidity sensor has been designed, and the variation of output voltage or cur- rent can denote the relative humidity of different environment (20%–100%) at a fixed air-flow rate.[29] Another common WD- TENG based self-power system is the wind speed sensor. Zhang et al. fabricated a wind energy harvesting and sensor system to demonstrate the application of the WD-TENG as a self-power wind speed sensor.[28] The output voltage can approach as high as about 23 V at a wind speed of 32.6 m s−1. Gas sensing is widely used in life science, security, and environmental protec- tion. Detecting alcohol is one of the important aspects in gas sensing territory, which is vital for safety and drunk driving testing. An active alcohol breath analyzer has been developed based on the blow-driven TENG technology.[30] Regardless the air-flow speed, there is a proportional relationship between the blow air induced voltage across the sensor and the breathed- out alcohol concentration. Due to a low sensor resistance, the induced voltage drop across the sensor is almost zero when the alcohol analyzer was being blown by a tester without drinking alcohol. In contrary, the alcohol vapor will dramatically increase the resistance of the sensor, leading to an obvious voltage varia- tion which can trigger a siren. In addition, the alcohol analyzer also possesses outstanding selectivity for alcohol, fast response time (11 s), as well as a fast recovery period (20 s). Another important application of WD-TENG should be noted, which is detection of motion as a sensor. Three typical different stages of a car motion (i.e., acceleration, uniform motion, and decelera- tion) can be observed through a WD-TENG setup.[60] 7. Outlook Since wind energy is free, clean, renewable, and sustainable, it has been considered as one of the most promising energy forms to fight with global energy crisis. WD-TENG is a newly developed exciting technology which can convert the wind power into usable energy forms, namely, electricity. In this review, we have systematically summarized the triboelectric materials and various structures as well as the output perfor- mance of different WD-TENGs. WD-TENG, as a single device, can generate an outstanding output voltage as high as 400 V (with a size of 22 × 10 × 67 mm3). In addition, WD-TENGs can be hybridized with other forms of power generators, such as solar cells, EMGs, and PiENGs, which can widen their applied environment and field. Besides, WD-TENG has shown many advantages including low-cost, high efficiency, sustainability, availability, and easy fabrication, making it potential to be uti- lized as self-power electronics. The development of WD-TENG in future will follow the trend of integration, miniaturization, and diversification. Indi- vidual WD-TENG will be encouraged to be integrated as a large- scale wind power plant for generating enough electricity to cater the large power demand in some cases, especially in some open area where wind power is strong and steady. Figure 7b is an illustrative diagram that shows how we can construct a WD- TENG based power plant. A great many of WD-TENGs can first be integrated as a wall, and then a large area of “electric walls” can be arranged as an array for scavenging wind energy. After being transformed by power substations, the collective electric power can be transported through cables for further electricity supplement. A 100 × 100 m2 “electric wall” (including around 107 individual WD-TENGs with a unit power of 26 mW) can supply a total electric power output around 260 kW. Even though WD-TENG possessed relative lower output power compared with wind turbine, we can also see its own inspiring advantages including high voltage, low cost, as well as small weight. On the contrary, it is also essential to minimize the size of WD-TENG in some situations to fabricate wearable electronics, flexible electronics, and sensor networks.[68–70] Moreover, not only the small size, but also the sensitivity of WD-TENG is necessary to be carefully considered, which means micro- or nanostructures Adv. Energy Mater. 2017, 1702649 1702649 (10 of 13) © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, WeinheimPDF Image | Scavenging Wind Energy by Triboelectric Nanogenerators
PDF Search Title:
Scavenging Wind Energy by Triboelectric NanogeneratorsOriginal File Name Searched:
18_AEM_01.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)