PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 008
8 G. Zhu et al. can be even attached to certain parts of the human body, such as hand, forearm, leg and even torso. Its casing-encapsulated structure allows linear motions between the two parts during normal human movements such as running and jumping. Harvesting energy from rotation A coaxial cylindrical structured rotating-TENG (Fig. 6) was developed to harvest mechanical energy from rotation [35]. A TENG with a total contact area of 12 cm2 contains multiple strip units that are connected in parallel. For a TENG with 8 strip units at a linear rotational velocity of 1.33 m/s, the instantaneous short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage could reach 90 μA and 410 V, respectively, corre- sponding to an instantaneous maximum power density of 36.9 W/m2 and an equivalent average direct current of 45.6 μA. Higher output power can be achieved by using a higher density of strip units and/or applying larger linear rotational velocity. Since rotation is one of the most common forms of motion in ambient environment, a fully packaged cylindrical rotating TENG has potential applica- tions in harsh environment, outdoors or even under water to harvest energy from water flow. High-performance device Materials issues The output voltage as well as the output current is linearly related to the density of triboelectric charges that is largely defined by materials. The triboelectric series is a list of materials that are arranged according to their tendency in gaining or losing electrons. Materials that are listed on the top tend to become positively charged while those listed at the bottom are more likely to gain negative charges. Therefore, the materials used for the two contact surfaces in TENG need to have the largest possible separation on the triboelectric series. Besides, these materials need to be compatible to thin-film structure, excluding some of the materials even though they may excel in producing tribo- electric charges. Generally, positively charged materials used in a TENG usually include Polyamide and metal, while those negatively charged materials are mostly fluorinated polymers, such as PTFE, FEP and PVDF. In order to further increase the surface charge density, we demonstrated an approach that took advantage of the dipole moment in polarized polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), substan- tially enhancing the output power density of the TENG. In this work, polarized PVDF was used as the electrification material [36]. The electric output was dependent on the polarization direction of the PVDF. Forward-polarized PVDF could greatly enhance the output power, while reverse- polarized PVDF resulted in reduced output power, as shown in Fig. 7. The enhancement reached as high as 240% under a constant force of 50 N. The reason for this modulation was proposed to be the intrinsic dipole moment of the PVDF that altered the surface potential level of the PVDF film. As a result, the surface charge transfer between the PVDF and another contact material was modulated. Device structures Macro-structure We developed an innovative design of a TENG with multiple layers of units fabricated on a single flexible substrate (Fig. 8) Fig. 7 Density of short-circuit current (a), open-circuit voltage (b) and accumulative charge (c) generated by TENGs fabricated by different types of PVDF films under a periodical compressive force around 50 N. Dependence of the peak power output of the forward-polarized (c), non-polarized (e) and reverse-polarized (f) TENGs on the resistance of the external load. Please cite this article as: G. Zhu, et al., Triboelectric nanogenerators as a new energy technology: From fundamentals, devices, to applications, Nano Energy (2014), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.11.050PDF Image | Triboelectric nanogenerators as a new energy technology
PDF Search Title:
Triboelectric nanogenerators as a new energy technologyOriginal File Name Searched:
15_NE_13.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |