PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 005
Langmuir Article Figure 3. Charge elimination on PTFE using different liquids. Potential map in (a) PTFE after tribocharging with PE foam and (b) following immersion in ethanol for 2 h and drying under air. (c) Effect of solvents on the electric potential of six different areas (three positive, three negative) of PTFE tribocharged with PE foam. The electric potential on PTFE was measured before tribocharging (red bars), right after tribocharging with PE foam (green), and after washing with each liquid (blue). miscibility. Partial mixing may also take place but only involving oligomer fractions and eventual contaminants. There is always material transfer among two contacting polymer surfaces,45,46 as well as under mild polymer−metal contact conditions.47 This is facilitated when the polymer surfaces are covered with weakly bound layers (WBLs)48,49 that are fairly universal and are formed by oligomers, misfit polymer chains, and impurities that are less dependent on the restrictions imposed by Flory−Huggins theory. On the other hand, material transfer among surfaces and its deposition on any surface is directed by the balance of relevant interfacial and surface tensions: interfacial areas with low interfacial tension tend to grow at the expense of the areas with higher surface tension.50,51 Mutual friction of the contacting surfaces increases the contact area and it forces one polymer to spread on top of the other under nonequilibrium conditions, even if the balance of interfacial forces mentioned in the previous paragraph is not favorable. Moreover, temperature peaks and high shear in the previously mentioned hot spots allow the formation of short- lived, highly unstable species, or triboplasma.52−54 Extensive chain breakdown takes place, due to the combination of high temperature and mechanical pull of the entangled polymer chains. Polymer chain breakdown can be heterolytic or homolytic.55 In the former case, ionic chain-ends are formed, more or less fixed to the subsurface layers by the intact chain segments. Given the stochastic characteristics of electron distribution in ruptured chain bonds, equal amounts of positive and negative ions can be formed on both contacting surfaces, but only the most stable are expected to survive for longer periods. 7411 dx.doi.org/10.1021/la301228j | Langmuir 2012, 28, 7407−7416PDF Image | Triboelectricity: Macroscopic Charge Patterns Formed by Self- Arraying Ions on Polymer Surfaces
PDF Search Title:
Triboelectricity: Macroscopic Charge Patterns Formed by Self- Arraying Ions on Polymer SurfacesOriginal File Name Searched:
la301228j.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)