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2.1.6 NOxSuppressionRequirements ISO ratings, and the majority of GTW ratings are expressed for "unabated" gas turbines, i.e. using conventional diffusion combustion systems without any NOx abatement measures taken. However, "unabated" machines are rarely acceptable, since they produce NOx in the order of 125 to 300 ppmvd on natural gas, and higher for liquid fuel machines, depending primarily upon the firing temperature. NOx can be suppressed in a gas turbine with the addition of steam injection or water injection equipment. The gas turbine manufacturers have also developed complex dry low NOx (DLN) lean-burn combustion systems, for both gas fuels and the lighter liquid fuels. The method of NOx suppression method required will be a function of the environmental permit stipulations, the availability of steam or water for injection, the required system reliability, etc. Compared to unabated machines, steam injected machines have higher power outputs and lower heat rates. Water injected machines have higher power outputs and higher heat rates. DLN machines usually have lower power outputs and higher heat rates. 2.1.7 RelativeHumidity The site relative humidity will usually be different than the 60% used by ISO and GTW, and most frequently used by the vendors. As the relative humidity increases, there will be minor improvements in power output and heat rate. 2.2 Other Common Definitions and Expressions Many expressions and definitions are commonly used when discussing the performance of Gas Turbines. The meaning of each should be clearly understood, before the user applies the data in their evaluation or comparison of units. These expressions include: 2.2.1 NewandCleanCondition When a gas turbine or GTG package is "new and clean", no physical degradation of mechanical components has yet occurred, nor fouling of the compressor blading due to air-borne dust, nor fouling or degradation of the combustion system and/or turbine blading due to combustion byproducts, nor fouling of the inlet filters, nor UNDERSTANDING GAS TURBINE PERFORMANCE © Gryphon International Engineering Services Inc. St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada GTPerf_0900 Page 8PDF Image | UNDERSTANDING GAS TURBINE PERFORMANCE
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