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in such mode is recorded at only one point on the cycling curve, often at the end of charge or discharge. There are also some reports where EIS was applied upon battery cycling, in order to evaluate the mechanisms hidden behind35,132,207,209-213. The main difficulty in using this technique, however, lies in correct interpretation of the obtained results. Therefore, the main discrepancies come from the correlation of the semicircles (visible in the Nyquist plot representation) with their physical meanings. As a matter of fact, if from the beginning the correlation is done incorrectly, further interpretations may be (partially or completely) wrong. It also seems that this technique is sometimes used without providing the minimum of the necessary information for the reader (like for example characteristic frequency values) to evaluate the pertinence of the given interpretation. In regard to the soluble polysulfide species, their detection and evolution upon battery operation may strongly depend on the electrolyte system. Indeed, Patel et al.172 have clearly demonstrated that polysulfides evolution in sulfolane-based electrolyte is different from the one observed in ether-based electrolyte. More particularly, in case of sulfolane solvent, the polysulfides composition during discharge and charge seems to be similar, with only differences in their concentration. On the contrary, in TEGDME/DIOX system, differences in polysulfide compositions as well as in concentration for the same state of charge/discharge were noticed. This simply indicates that the redox reactions involved during discharge and charge processes are not similar and do not follow the same pathways. An example of the soluble species evolution is shown on Figure 1-21a. Cuisinier et al.202 also reported on the presence of so-called hysteresis between charge and discharge processes, which was explained by different steps involved in redox processes during both discharge and charge. The evolution of different sulfur species is shown on Figure 1-21b. EIS reports presenting the evolution of electrolyte resistance214, also show such hysteresis i.e. different electrolyte resistance values along the complete cycle (charge and discharge). (a) (b) Chapter 1: Literature review Figure 1-21. UV-Vis studies in TEGDME/DIOX-based electrolyte (a) where evolution of different polysulfides (long, short and mid-chain) is presented along with the voltage profile172. Parallel to that, evolution of sulfur species (Li2S, S8, S42- and S62-) observed by XANES in DME/DIOX-based electrolyte is shown202 (b). Both techniques were applied via in situ and operando methodology. 41PDF Image | Accumulateur Lithium Soufre
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Sulfur Deposition on Carbon Nanofibers using Supercritical CO2 Sulfur Deposition on Carbon Nanofibers using Supercritical CO2. Gamma sulfur also known as mother of pearl sulfur and nacreous sulfur... More Info
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