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Chapter 2: S8 electrode on Aluminum Figure 2-6. SEM photos of S/C/PVdF (80/10/10 wt%) electrodes prepared with different carbons: SuperP® (a-c), VGCF® (d-f) and mixture of SuperP®+VGCF® (g-i). The eventual effect of different carbons was tested by galvanostatic cycling in capacity retention tests, and the results are presented on Figure 2-7. The tests were performed on the electrodes with sulfur loading of ~ 2.5 mgSulfur cm-2 (~ 4.2 mAh cm-2). In general, the three different compositions display rather similar trend of capacity retention at different C-rates (C/20, C/10, C/5, 1C and 2C). Right after the initial cycle, a drastic capacity fade is observed. This is the moment when the most significant changes in the electrode occur. Active material (80 wt% of the electrode) is leaving the carbon/binder matrix, and diffuses into the electrolyte in the form of lithium polysulfides. Therefore, significant active material loss, together with electrode pulverization, may be responsible for such initial drastic capacity fade. The differences between the three compositions are rather small, even if “SuperP®” composition displays the lowest initial capacity (680 mAh g-1). At faster C-rates, the differences in the capacity values start to be more detectable, and we can notice that the electrodes with the “SuperP®/VGCF®” mixture perform slightly better. At 1C, obtained capacities (for 25th cycle) are 104, 80 and 60 mAh g-1 for the composition “SuperP®/VGCF®”, “SuperP®” and “VGCF®” respectively. Beneficial effect of VGCF® addition may be explained by the highest stability of the electrode morphology during cycling in the presence of fibers, even though they are too short to induce fiber entanglement, and improved electronic conductive pathway retention, which is the most important for high currents. However, pure 52PDF Image | Accumulateur Lithium Soufre
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Sulfur Deposition on Carbon Nanofibers using Supercritical CO2 Sulfur Deposition on Carbon Nanofibers using Supercritical CO2. Gamma sulfur also known as mother of pearl sulfur and nacreous sulfur... More Info
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