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Table 3-4. Summary of all porous components of the coin cell, which require filling with the electrolyte. ‘Empty’ volume is estimated in regard to the geometric volume of the component and its porosity. Both electrodes are compared: ‘S-on-Al’ and ‘S-on-NwC’. Moreover, the low overpotential of NwC-based electrode may point out the enhanced electronic conductivity of the complete electrode, thanks to the 3D highly conductive continuous network offered by NwC. Such current collector also physically participates in the discharge reactions, by offering an additional conductive surface area for Li2S deposition (in contrary to Al foil), i.e. in agreement with what has already been demonstrated on SEM photos (Figure 3-5). We then tried to correlate available surface area of NwC with the discharge capacity values. Taking into consideration the BET results performed on NwC material (surface area barely detectable: ~ 0.05 m2 g-1), the contribution of conductive surface area by NwC to the Ø 14 mm electrode is only ~ 7.3 cm2 (taking into account 9.55 g m-2 of NwC). This value is about 110 times lower than the surface area of a composite electrode S/SuperP®/PVdF = 80/10/10 wt%, having a surface area of 5.5 m2 g-1 (BET values in Table 2-1). It should be reminded that BET data represents the surface accessible for gas, which may not necessarily be the same as the one accessible for polysulfides during battery operation (especially at high concentrations). Nevertheless, these BET measurements allowed us to compare the contribution of different electrode components in terms of active surface. Following this idea and based on BET data, taking into consideration these two particular electrodes presented on Figure 3-14 (S/SuperP®/PVdF, weight of 8.56 mg), surface area of the electrode coating on a Ø 14 mm disk was found to be as high as 471 cm2. Figure 3-15 schematically illustrates the contribution of each electrode component regarding the surface area. 90 Chapter 3: S8 electrode on NwCPDF Image | Accumulateur Lithium Soufre
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