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Polymer Bulletin Table 1 Linear thermal expansion coefficient, α, for samples of epoxy resin and the 1 nanocomposite 2 Temperature ranges α (de 40 a 60 °C) (10−6/°C) Epoxy resin Composite α (de 60 a 80 °C) (10−6/°C) 3 α (de 80 a 100 °C) (10−6/°C) 4 α (de 100 a 120 °C) (10−6/°C) 5 α (de 40 a 120 °C) (10−6/°C) 6 α (de 200 a 220 °C) (10−6/°C) 7 α (de 220 a 240 °C) (10−6/°C) 8 α (de 200 a 240 °C) (10−6/°C) 62.0 68.8 71.0 73.0 79.3 71.9 72.6 78.7 68.7 73.1 162.2 355.2 166.2 408.3 164.2 381.7 values in DMA and TMA were also reported in the literature, and this was attrib- uted to the different operating principles of these devices [28]. Table 1 presents the values α (linear thermal expansion coefficient) obtained for the materials studied (epoxy resin and nanocomposite) in eight temperature ranges. From the results presented in Table 1, it can be verified that the α values, to the neat epoxy resin, varied between 62 × 10−6 and 166 × 10−6/°C, and the α val- ues for the nanocomposite ranged from 68 × 10−6 to 408 × 10−6/°C. Therefore, the addition of carbon nanofiber practically did not affect the linear thermal expan- sion coefficient below the 200 °C, but above 200 °C the α values for the nanocom- posite showed a significant increase in this value, reaching two times the value observed for the neat epoxy resin, considering the same temperature range. The α value displayed for the neat epoxy resin is basically within the range described in the literature which is between 81 and 117 × 10−6/°C [29]. Conclusions The FTIR of the electrospun material before and after the carbonization showed a modification in the chemical structure of the carbon fiber produced with respect to the electrospun PAN, indicating that the carbonization of the material was effective. The composite of epoxy resin/carbon nanofiber processed showed val- ues with average values of the modulus of elasticity of (3.79±0.48) GPa, the glass transition temperature in the range from 90.5 to 122.8 °C and coefficient linear expansion (α) between 68 × 10−6 and 408 × 10−6/°C. These values were higher than neat epoxy resin. In this way, its measures show improvements in the mechanical and thermal properties, and possibly the electrical ones of the composite produced, and can these be considered as reinforcements for advanced applications. Acknowledgements This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001. 13PDF Image | Carbon nanofibers obtained from electrospinning process
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