PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 007
Polymers 2022, 14, 721 7 of 8 References not sufficient to reach a high degree of carbonization, while such nanofibers may be well suitable for producing nano-composites with enhanced mechanical properties, as compared to the pure polymer. The Ti substrate enabled carbonization at 1200 ◦C, but showed lower degrees of carbonization than the other substrate materials at lower temperatures. While a high crystallinity was only achieved with the Ti substrate after carbonization at 1200 ◦C, Cu and StS substrates achieved a high degree of carbonization at only 500 ◦C. Since CNF from Cu substrates showed relatively small numbers of broken ends, all in all carbonization in a Cu sandwich at 800 ◦C offers a balanced optimum of carbonization, crystallinity, and intact nanofibers. The improvement of the carbonization process with regard to the resulting crystallinity and morphology is of general significance to any kind of application that has been proposed over recent years. Examples include the use of CNF in energy storage applications with regard to electrochemical properties or the application in composite materials that benefit from improved morphological and mechanical properties. The results demonstrate that carbonization of PAN nanofibers on metal substrates has significant advantages over conventional methods, not only avoiding undesired nanofiber deformation but also enhancing the resulting CNF in terms of physiochemical properties. Supplementary Materials: The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https: //www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/polym14040721/s1, Figure S1: Photographic images of specimens after carbonization in Ti sandwiches at 1200 ◦C for 1 h with different original thicknesses. Author Contributions: Conceptualization, J.L.S. and T.G.; methodology, J.L.S., C.H. and T.G.; formal analysis, C.H., M.W. and A.E.; investigation, J.L.S., M.W., N.F., B.B., C.H., E.D. and T.G.; writing— original draft preparation, M.W. and A.E.; writing—review and editing, all authors; visualization, M.W. and A.E. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Funding: This research was funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (grant no. 03THW09K08) and by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, funding program Forschung an Fachhochschulen (grant no. 13FH018AN9). Institutional Review Board Statement: Not applicable. Informed Consent Statement: Not applicable. Data Availability Statement: All data produced in this study are presented in this paper. Acknowledgments: We are grateful to Armin Gölzhäuser from Bielefeld University for providing the opportunity to use the helium ion microscope. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. 1. Rahaman, M.S.A.; Ismail, A.F.; Mustafa, A. A review of heat treatment on polyacrylonitrile fiber. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2007, 92, 1421–1432. [CrossRef] 2. Sabantina, L.; Klöcker, M.; Wortmann, M.; Rodríguez-Mirasol, J.; Cordero, T.; Moritzer, E.; Finsterbusch, K.; Ehrmann, A. Stabilization of PAN nanofiber mats obtained by needleless electrospinning using DMSO as solvent. J. Ind. Text. 2020, 50, 224–239. [CrossRef] 3. Manoharan, M.P.; Sharma, A.; Desai, A.V.; Haque, M.A.; Bakis, C.E.; Wang, K.W. The interfacial strength of carbon nanofiber epoxy composite using single fiber pullout experiments. Nanotechnology 2009, 20, 295701. [CrossRef] 4. Wang, J.; Park, Y.K.; Jo, Y.M. Sequential improvement of activated carbon fiber properties for enhanced removal efficiency of indoor CO2. J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 2020, 89, 400–408. [CrossRef] 5. Dirican, M.; Yanilmaz, M.; Asiri, A.M.; Zhang, X.W. Polyaniline/MnO2/porous carbon nanofiber electrodes for supercapacitors. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2020, 861, 113995. [CrossRef] 6. Abdullah, N.; Othman, F.E.C.; Yusof, N.; Matsuura, T.; Lau, W.J.; Jaafar, J.; Ismail, A.F.; Salleh, W.N.W.; Aziz, F. Preparation of nanocomposite activated carbon nanofiber/manganese oxide and its adsorptive performance toward leads (II) from aqueous solution. J. Water Process. Eng. 2020, 37, 101430. [CrossRef]PDF Image | Carbonization of Electrospun PAN Nanofibers
PDF Search Title:
Carbonization of Electrospun PAN NanofibersOriginal File Name Searched:
polymers-14-00721.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
Sulfur Deposition on Carbon Nanofibers using Supercritical CO2 Sulfur Deposition on Carbon Nanofibers using Supercritical CO2. Gamma sulfur also known as mother of pearl sulfur and nacreous sulfur... More Info
CO2 Organic Rankine Cycle Experimenter Platform The supercritical CO2 phase change system is both a heat pump and organic rankine cycle which can be used for those purposes and as a supercritical extractor for advanced subcritical and supercritical extraction technology. Uses include producing nanoparticles, precious metal CO2 extraction, lithium battery recycling, and other applications... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)