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260 X. Wang and B. Li Titanium Oxide Nanofibers CO2 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 Wavenumber (cm-1) Fig. 10.6 (a) SEM image of TiO2 nanofibers and (b) DRIFTS spectra of TiO2 nanofibers before and after pyrolysis (Reprinted from Bender et al. [43]. Copyright 2006, with permission from Elsevier) removal of the guide polymers by pyrolysis [43]. CO2 is not present before pyrolysis and is formed during combustion of the polymer. Figure 10.6 shows a representative SEM image of titania (TiO2) nanofibers after 700 ıC pyrolysis. When the composite nanofibers are heated to 700 ıC, it shows a DRIFTS feature around 2,340–2,350 cm1 from CO2 (Fig. 10.6b). They propose that CO2 is trapped within the fibers as opposed to being adsorbed on the surface and the nature of the metal oxide nanofiber structure is responsible for the CO2 entrapment. 10.5 Concluding Remarks and Outlook CO2 removal from post-combustion flue gas at large point sources has been spotlighted in recent years as a potential way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Among a range of separation technologies, adsorption with nanomaterial-based sorbents is emerging to be one of the most promising CO2 capture strategies. In this chapter, we reviewed recent progress in developing electrospun nanofibrous sorbents with potential applications for CO2 removal. Clearly, the selection of capture materials is essential for any technologies in CO2 removal. In general, nanofibrous materials have advantages such as ease of design and synthesis, high porosity, tailored pore properties, high surface area, and good mechanical properties, which make them highly attractive for the development of sorbents with high CO2 capture capacity and fast kinetics. Despite recent advances toward the development of nanofibrous sorbents for CO2 capture applications, several challenges still remain. (1) Some nanofibrous materials do not have CO2 adsorption ability until they are modified with amine groups or ILs as described in this chapter. However, the undesired blocking of fiber surfaces/interior with amines or ILs will reduce CO2 capacity and kinetics of the adsorbents. Further research should focus on the achievement of effective surface Ti-O Precursor + PVP Nanofibers Kubelka-Munck Function (arb. units)PDF Image | Electrospun Nanofibrous Sorbents
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