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REE Mineralogy and Resources Chapter 279 159 TABLE 5 Estimated Compositions of Carbonatitic Fluids Associated with the Kalkfeld and Okorusu Carbonatites in Namibia Kalkfeld Okorusu Sample No. KF113 KF153 KF155 OK10c1 OK10c2 OK10c3 Na2O (%) 21 20 18 21 21 22 CaO(%) 16 14 13 5 5 6 K2O(%) 7 8 11 8 9 7 FeO (total) (%) 4 3 4 4 3 3 MgO(%) 1 2 2 0.4 0.3 0.2 TiO2 (%) 1 1 1 MnO (%) 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.2 CO2(%) 20 20 20 20 20 20 H2O(%) 20 20 20 20 20 20 Cl(%) 5 0.7 6.7 10 11 12 F (%) 0.6 1.2 0.5 3.4 2.9 2.9 Sr (ppm) 11,000 33,000 11,000 13,000 10,000 12,000 Ba (ppm) 3800 8500 4200 35,000 28,600 35,100 REE (ppm) 10,200 22,500 12,300 26,000 37,700 27,100 Zr (ppm) 480 120 160 130 Nb (ppm) 190 260 Th (ppm) 400 1600 400 400 400 500 U (ppm) 50 130 110 10 10 20 After Bu€hn, B., Rankin, A.H., 1999. Composition of natural, volatile-rich Na-Ca-REE-Sr carbonatitic fluids trapped in fluid inclusions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 63, 3781–3797; Bu€hn, B., Rankin, A.H., Schneider, J., Dulski, P., 2002. The nature of orthomagmatic, carbonatitic fluids precipitating REE, Sr-rich fluorite: fluid-inclusion evidence from the Okorusu fluorite deposit, Namibia. Chem. Geol. 186, 75–98. as a function of pH and temperature (eg, Migdisov and Williams-Jones, 2007, 2014; Migdisov et al., 2009), and the results are summarized in Williams- Jones et al. (2012) as follows. Although the fluorine activities in the REE-mineralizing hydrothermal fluids are not well known, based on the compilation of the salinities in the fluids in major REE deposits, Williams-Jones et al. (2012) estimated domi- nant REE aqueous species for an ore fluid that contains 10 wt.% NaCl, 500 ppm F, and 200 ppm Nd. The estimation based on experimental data by Migdisov et al. (2009) shows that at 200°C, NdF2+ is the dominant dissolvedPDF Image | HANDBOOK ON THE PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF RARE EARTHS
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