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US 8,696,938B2 21 5)Thepresentlyinventedprocessiscapableofproducing ultra-thinNGPs,includingthosethataresingle grapheneshets. 6)Thisprocessallowsforconcurrentlyatachingadesir able functional group to the resulting NGPs (e.g., by simplyintroducingadesirablechemicalspecies,suchas SO, intothesupercriticalfluid).Thisisapowerful approachtovaryingthedispersibilityorsolubilityof NGPs inasolvent. 10 The invention claimed is: 1.Aprocessforproducingananographeneplatelet(NGP) material,saidprocesscomprising:(i)Subjectingagraphitic materialtoaSupercriticalfluidatafirsttemperatureandafirst15 pressureforafirstperiodoftimeinapressurevesel,wherein saidSupercriticalfluidcontainsnocoatingagentsolubilized thereinandnointercalatingagentoroxidizingagentisusedin theproces,andsaidgraphiticmaterialcomprisesnoprevi ouslyintercalatedgraphiteandsaidgraphiticmaterialis selectedfromthegroupconsistingofnaturalgraphite,artifi cialgraphite,graphiteoxide,graphitefluoride,graphitefiber, carbonfiber,carbonnano-fiber,carbonnano-tube,softcar bon,hardcarbon,andcombinationsthereof,andthen(i) rapidlydepressurizingsaidfluidatafluidreleaseratesufi25 cientforefectingexfoliationofsaidgraphiticmaterialto 1.Theprocessassetforthinclaim1whereinsaidnano grapheneplateletmaterial,whenformedintoathinfilmwith athicknessnogreaterthan100nm,exhibitsanelectrical conductivityofatleast1,000S/cm. 12.Theprocessassetforthinclaim1whereinsaidnano graphenematerialhasaspecificSurfaceareaofapproxi matelyfrom300m/gto2,60m/g. subjectingsaidNGPmaterialtoasupercriticalfluidata35 impartingachemicalgrouptosaidnanographenematerialin secondtemperatureandasecondpressureforasecondperiod saidpressurevesel. oftimeinapressureveselandthen(b)rapidlydepressuriz 15.Theprocessassetforthinclaim1,whereinsaidsuper obtainsaidNGP material. 2.Theprocessassetforthinclaim1whereinsaidsuper criticalfluidcomprisesafluidselectedfromcarbondioxide, 30 water,wateroxidation,hydrogenperoxide(H2O),methane, ethane,ethylene,ozone,Sulfonicgroup(SO),oracombina tionthereof. 13.Theprocessassetforthinclaim1whereinsaidnano grapheneplateletmaterialcomprisessingle-layergraphene. procedureofrepeatingstep(i)andstep(i)thatincludes(a) 14.Theprocessassetforthinclaim1,furthercomprising 3.Theprocessassetforthinclaim1furthercomprisinga ingsaidfluidatafluidreleaseratesuficientforefecting furtherexfoliationofsaidNGP material. 4.Theprocessassetforthinclaim3whereinsaidsecond40 temperaturedifersfromsaidfirsttemperatureorsaidsecond pressuredifersfromsaidfirstpresure. criticalfluidcomprisesareactivechemicalgroup. 16.Theprocessassetforthinclaim1,whereinsaidsuper criticalfluidcomprisesareactivechemicalgroupandaSur factant. 22 5.Theprocessassetforthinclaim1whereinsaidsuper criticalfluidcontainsaSurfactantordispersingagentdis solvedtherein. 6.Theprocessassetforthinclaim5furthercomprisinga procedureofrepeatingstep(i)andstep(i)thatincludes(a) subjectingsaidNGP materialtoasupercriticalfluidata secondtemperatureandasecondpressureforasecondperiod oftimeinapressureveselandthen(b)rapidlydepressuriz ingsaidfluidatafluidreleaseratesuficientforefecting furtherexfoliationofsaidNGP material. 7.Theprocessassetforthinclaim6whereinsaidsecond temperaturedifersfromsaidfirsttemperatureorsaidsecond pressuredifersfromsaidfirstpresure. 8.Theprocessassetforthinclaim1whereinsaidsuper criticalfluidcontainsacuringagentdissolvedthereinandthe processfurthercomprisesmixingsaidnanographenemate rialwithathermosettingresin. 9.Theprocessassetforthinclaim1whereinsaidsuper criticalfluidcontainsacuringagentdissolvedthereinandthe processfurthercomprisesaprocedureofrepeatingstep(i) andstep(i)andaprocedureofmixingsaidgraphenematerial witharesin. 10.Theprocessassetforthinclaim1whereinsaidnano grapheneplateletmaterial,whenformedintoathinfilmwith athicknessnogreaterthan100nm,exhibitsanelectrical conductivityofatleast100S/cm.PDF Image | SCO2 Producing Nanographine Platelets
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