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4.2.4 Neodymium/Nickel Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are electrochemical devices that can produce energy directly from the oxidation of a fuel with an efficiency of 60 %. Byproduct gases produced from this reaction can further be used to power gas turbines and increase the overall efficiency of the system to 85 %. The operating temperature for a SOFC is between 600 and 1000 oC. It is of interest to reduce the operating temperature of SOFCs for the purpose of increased reliability and the option to use other materials for device fabrication, of which some are much cheaper. Unfortunately, electrochemical reactions are temperature driven and by reducing temperature, both power density and efficiency of the SOFC is reduced. Despite these drawbacks, it is still advantageous to move to reduced temperatures. In order to do this, optimization of the interface between electrodes and the electrolyte is necessary so that reduced energy losses are realized. Additionally, it is desirable to optimize the crystallinity, morphology and particle size for increased electrochemical performance. One particular area of interest in developing reduced operating temperature SOFCs is the determination of high performance cathode materials. Doped lanthanum manganite perovskite is commonly used for SOFC cathodes, however, has shown to have poor performance at reduced temperatures. Recently, Nd2NiO4+δ was identified as a material that exhibits high ionic and electronic conductivity, high electrocatalytic activity towards oxygen reduction and good mechanical properties.105, 106 These properties are ideal for a new cathode material.107 112PDF Image | Supercritical Fluid Deposition Of Thin Metal Films
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