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in the near-IR region.10-14 These cells have a promising place in the near future, however, they are currently limited by their 10 % efficiency and expense in both time and cost to produce. For DSSC 3rd generation solar cells to become viable, efficiencies need to approach 15 % and processing times need to be reduced in order to become cost effective alternatives to first and second generation solar cells. 5.1.1.1.2 Plasma Spray Technology 5.1.1.1.2.1 History First discovered by Sir William Crookes in 1879 and later identified by Sir Joseph John Thompson in 18971 in his cathode ray experiments. It was later named plasma by an American chemist and physicist Irving Langmuir in 1928.26 5.1.1.1.2.2 Plasma Plasma is a 4th state of matter that composes approximately 99 % of the known universe. A plasma is an ionized gas, which is a collection of free moving electrons and ions that together carry a collective neutral charge. Because of this, they are electrically conductive and electromagnetic. Plasmas range in temperature from 0 K to 108 K. 5.1.1.1.2.3 PlasmaSpray Plasma spraying is one of many ways of performing a thermal spray. Thermal spraying is a technique that is used for line of sight coatings on objects. The material used for the coating is heated in a variety of methods, one of which is plasma. When a plasma jet, whose temperature is typically 105 K, is utilized for heating of the coating material, the technique is called plasma spraying. The coatings formed are on the order 140PDF Image | Supercritical Fluid Deposition Of Thin Metal Films
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