Topics in Current Chemistry

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Topics in Current Chemistry ( topics-current-chemistry )

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140 Ingo Krossing Fig. 2 Optimized geometries, calculated Mulliken charges (spin densities) of the true Sn·+ (n=3–7) minima at the B3PW91/6–311+G* level of theory 5.2 Sulfur Dications Sn2+ Gaseous dications Sn2+ reduce the unfavorable Coulomb repulsion of the two positive charges in close proximity and dissociate with formation of two monocations Sx·+ and Sy·+ with x+y=n. This is called a “Coulomb Explosion”. For the same reason classical solid state ions like sulfate SO42􏱐 are unstable in the gas phase. This instability of gaseous Sn2+ cations makes quantum chemical calculations of sulfur cations delicate and requires the use of flexi- ble basis sets and highly correlated methods. The consequences of this be- havior for the chemistry of the sulfur cations are discussed below in the thermodynamics section. 5.2.1 Triplet S32+ The S32+ dication was the subject of extensive investigations, since it ap- peared likely that it has a triplet ground state. A detailed CI study on the ge- ometry, bonding and energetics of several S32+ isomers and electronic states showed that the triplet is the ground state. The global minimum is a regular D3h symmetric S32+ triangle with a 3A10 electronic state and a relatively short “best” S-S bond length of about 2.03 􏰼 [19].

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