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Volcanic Ash Degradation on Thermal Barrier Coatings

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Volcanic Ash Degradation on Thermal Barrier Coatings ( volcanic-ash-degradation-thermal-barrier-coatings )

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Figure 4.6 (A) Surface image of volcanic ash and (B) its surface roughness after heat treatment at 1250 °C for 30 mins ......................................................... 53 Figure 4.7 (A) Surface image of volcanic ash and (B) its surface roughness after heat treatment at 1300 °C for 30 mins ......................................................... 53 Figure 4.8 SEM image of the as-received TBC sample ..................................... 54 Figure 4.9 SEM image of TBC after 30 minutes heat treatment at 1250 °C....... 54 Figure 4.10 Schematic image of the distribution of stress on YSZ columns [44] 57 Figure 4.11 Schematic image of A) short column cracks near the sintering separation B) long delamination crack [44].................................................. 57 Figure 4.12 The diagram of energy release rate and CMAS thickness [44] ....... 57 Figure 4.13 TBC sample under the heat treatment at 1250 °C for 15 minutes with volcanic ash................................................................................................. 58 Figure 4.14 EDX mapping of (A) Zirconium and (B) Silicon for the TBC sample under the heat treatment at 1250 °C for 15 minutes with volcanic ash........ 58 Figure 4.15 SEM image of volcanic ash attack on TBC after 3 hours heat treatment at 1250 °C.................................................................................... 59 Figure 4.16 SEM image of YSZ top coat after 10 hours heat treatment with volcanic ash at 1250 °C............................................................................... 60 Figure 4.17 EDX point analysis of YSZ top coat after 10 hours heat treatment with volcanic ash at 1250 °C............................................................................... 61 Figure 4.18 Concentrations of Y2O3 after thermal exposure to volcanic ash at 1250 °C for 1, 3, 10 hours............................................................................ 62 Figure 4.19 DTA curves of volcanic ash, Al2O3, and volcanic ash-Al2O3 mixture 63 Figure 4.20 XRD spectra of (a) volcanic ash-YSZ mixture samples and (b) pure YSZ samples before and after heat treatment at 490 °C, 950 °C, 1160 °C, and 1350 °C........................................................................................................ 64 Figure 4.21 Schematic diagram of monoclinic phase YSZ after 490°C thermal exposure...................................................................................................... 67 Figure 5.1 Volcanic ash attack on YSZ plates after thermal exposure at 1250 °C for (a) 5 hours and (b) 20 hours................................................................... 70 Figure 5.2 Volcanic ash attack on Al2O3 plates after thermal exposure at 1250 °C LIST OF FIGURES Page 11

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