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CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW superalloy substrate are quite different even though inter-diffusion happens when the engine is in operation. Thus, the surface property such as creep resistance and oxidation resistance would be considered as the design of overlay bond coat material. Diffusion bond coat: In order to preferentially form an alumina protective TGO layer during engine operation, a coating with high concentration of aluminium is necessary. For diffusion bond coat, platinum is used in order to enhance the oxidation resistance without the aluminizing process [26] and the average thickness is located in the range between 30 to 80 μm which is much thinner compared with the overlay bond coat. Also, a thin platinum layer enhances the activity of aluminium on the surface which helps the formation of the protective alumina scale [1]. For the state-of-the-art fabrication technique, there are two different kinds of bond coats β-NiAl bond coat and γ+γ’ bond coat which are presented as follows. For the β-NiAl bond coat, it is formed by depositing a layer of platinum on superalloy and annealing in an aluminium rich environment. After annealing, nickel will be diffused out of the superalloy and react with Pt and Al, and form Pt/NiAl aluminide. Single β phase NiAl with platinum in solid solution can be fabricated through this process [27]. On the other hand, γ+γ’ two-phase bond coat has later been developed, which is typically made by electroplating a platinum layer on the surface of superalloy substrate followed by a diffusion treatment [28]. Page 28PDF Image | Volcanic Ash Degradation on Thermal Barrier Coatings
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