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CHAPTER 4 VOLCANIC ASH AND ITS PENETRATION MECHNISMS IN TBCS Chapter 4 Volcanic Ash and Its Penetration Mechanisms in TBCs 4.1 StudyofVolcanicAsh Unlike traditional artificial CMAS, real volcanic ash is used in this experiment to simulate the CMAS attack. And In this session, morphology of volcanic ash and their degradation mechanisms to TBCs are discussed. 4.1.1 Structure and Surface Morphology The volcanic ash was coming from Sakurajuma, Japan, which erupted on the 10th of March, 2009. The surface morphology and composition were studied by SEM and XRF as shown in Figure 4.1 and Table 4.1 respectively. Compared with the volcanic ash from other places [68,69], it contains less silica. Also, in comparison with traditional artificial CMAS, the volcanic ash contains seven more elements (i.e. Na, P, K, Fe, Ti, Mn, and Ta), which may result in different degradation mechanisms to TBCs. Regarding its phase structure, the result of a XRD analysis (shown in Figure 4.2) shows that the volcanic ash has a complex crystal structure containing cristoblaite (SiO2), anorthite sodian (CaNaAl2Si2O8), and Pigeonite (FeMgCaSiO3) and other silicon contained oxides. However, it is very difficult to fully reveal the complete phase structures due to the complexity of Page 49PDF Image | Volcanic Ash Degradation on Thermal Barrier Coatings
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