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CHAPTER 7 CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTED FUTURE WORK Chapter 7 Conclusions and Suggested Future Work 7.1 Conclusions Volcanic ash attack is one of the most serious problems for aero engine turbines. Basically, the degradation mechanism is quite similar to that by artificial CMAS, but volcanic ash results in more severe damage than CMAS because the penetration rate of volcanic ash into TBC columns is much faster. When the engine is in operation, volcanic ash stays in liquid phase and penetrates into the columnar structure of YSZ top coat. After 3 hours heat treatment, crack was formed. In addition, it was found by SEM observation that volcanic ash penetrated through the columnar gaps of TBC and destroyed the microstructure of YSZ top coat after a 10 hours isothermal heat treatment at 1250 °C. Moreover, molten volcanic ash would concentrate in the bottom of YSZ and accelerate the spallation of YSZ top coat. By observing its chemical composition, EDS results shows that great amount of zirconium stays in the volcanic ash glass which means that the volcanic ash dissolved the YSZ top coat during the heat treatment. Also, by observing the composition of the 10 hours heat treated TBC sample, the concentration of yttria Page 89PDF Image | Volcanic Ash Degradation on Thermal Barrier Coatings
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