Chemical Processes and Use of CO2

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Chemical Processes and Use of CO2 ( chemical-processes-and-use-co2 )

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ECCO2 FUNDED PROJECTS daic efficiencies; for the production of hydrocarbons or alcohols, in contrast, the catalysts presently available generate a multitude of products simultane- ously. Without additional workup and purification stages these products are therefore of limited use. The efficiency of the electrochemical conversion is also affected by high overpotentials, which can make the potential actually required to drive the reaction up to 1 V more negative than the thermody- namically determined potential, thus increasing the amount of energy re- quired to perform the CO2 reduction. The goal of current research in this field is therefore to find catalysts that exhibit both high selectivity and only a small overpotential. The complexity of the reactions involved and their dependence on process parameters results in an almost unlimited optimi- sation space, which can only be analysed with a significant research effort. Progress in this field will therefore be slow unless new analytical techniques are developed that allow parameters to be varied at a high rate while also guaranteeing high levels of comparability and reproducibility. In particular, fundamental research needs to be carried out if the candidate catalysts are to be examined extensively with respect to their activity, stability and selectiv- ity – an approach that requires the deployment of combinatorial analytical tools. The resulting improved understanding of the electrocatalytic reduc- tion of CO2 will then enable conclusions to be drawn regarding the develop- ment of efficient catalytic materials. 1.6.2 Project description Development will be based around a scanning flow cell (SFC) that is coupled with other analytical methods. The SFC is a sophisticated electrochemical apparatus that enables high-throughput analyses of reactions and surfaces to be performed. In this project, an SFC will for the first time be used for the simultaneous study of the electrochemical activity, stability and selectivity of catalyst materials. Fig. 19: SFC setup: (A) overview showing pump and positioning table; (B) detailed view with CAD model of a 1 mm cell. 55

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