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ORGKOKAT FUNDED PROJECTS 1.12.3 Results During the project, researchers at LIKAT developed a variety of organocata- lysts and cooperative catalytic processes for synthesising cyclic carbonates from epoxides and CO2. In addition to developing efficient organocatalytic systems that only activate the epoxide [2], the research team also succeeded in developing processes in which both the epoxide and the CO2 were activat- ed[3]. The individual systems were initially evaluated by studying the effects of the different reaction parameters (pressure, temperature, reaction time, etc.). This was followed by a substrate screening procedure, in which the re- action of various epoxides with CO2 was evaluated. One noteworthy result was that all of the systems that were developed were solvent-free. One of the systems developed was able to simultaneously activate the CO2 and the epoxide in close spatial proximity to one another (Fig. 38). During the OrgKoKat project, a life cycle assessment (LCA) of the synthe- sis of glycerol carbonate methacrylate from the corresponding epoxide and CO2 was conducted in cooperation with Creavis Technologies & Innovation (Evonik) in Marl. The LCA showed that this synthetic route was also a good choice from the perspective of environmental impact. By utilising CO2 as a synthetic building block, the overall CO2 emissions burden (expressed in terms of CO2 equivalents) can be reduced by up to 3 %. Two cooperative Fig. 38: Cooperative catalyst system for the simultaneous activation of CO2 and epoxides (left) and the experimental set-up for the catalyst screening campaign (right). Product 12 Example up to 98 % yield Epoxide 97PDF Image | Chemical Processes and Use of CO2
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