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SEE FUNDED PROJECTS 2.4.3 Project results In work package 1a a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolysis unit that operates at a system pressure of 30 bar was developed and optimised for the specific requirements of the power-to-gas process chain. The benefit of high-pressure water electrolysis is that the hydrogen is generated under pressure and therefore does not need to undergo any energy-intensive com- pression stage before it can be used in the subsequent process steps. At the core of the electrolysis unit is a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) – a gas-impermeable membrane coated with a catalyst that enables hydrogen to be generated with high efficiency. The membrane’s polymer framework is permeable for H+ ions and this proton exchange membrane therefore func- tions as a solid electrolyte that conducts electricity. Work within WP 1a fo- cused mainly on stack optimisation by integrating alternative materials that could potentially optimise efficiency, service life, pressure and cost of the electrolysis unit. Work package 1b is closely related to work package 1a. Building on the hard- ware developments in WP 1a, WP 1b focused on integrating the electrolysis subsystem into the overall system. The individual hardware components were modified and optimised so that the electrolysis unit was able to draw electric power from renewable sources (wind and solar) while also supply- ing hydrogen to the methanation stage. The electrolysis unit itself was also improved to meet the differing dynamic requirements of the upstream and downstream subsystems. The hydrogen generated in the electrolysis unit was then reacted with CO2 to form methane, the main component of natural gas. In work package 2a a promising alternative reactor design, known as a ‘slurry’ reactor was de- veloped. In a slurry reactor, the reaction occurs on a solid catalyst that is present as finely divided particles suspended in a fluid medium. In this type of reactor the heat generated by the reaction can be efficiently dissipated by the fluid. Because the fluid has a high heat capacity, this type of three-phase system is well suited for the dynamically variable operation of the methan- ation reaction. Following a comprehensive literature search regarding the temperature sta- bility of ionic liquids (ILs) and after examining the thermal stability of ILs already available from IoLiTec as well as newly synthesised ILs, a set of new structural elements and additives were developed that enabled the temper- ature stability of ionic liquids to be improved (work package 3). In addition to the synthesis and additivation of ionic liquids, the physical properties of the newly synthesised ionic liquids and the additivated ionic liquids were determined. 151PDF Image | Chemical Processes and Use of CO2
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