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3 ENERGY-EFFICIENT PROCESSES EFFICO2 gathered on structure-activity relationships across substance class bounda- Fig. 86: The pilot carbon capture facility, which is installed at the base of the chimney in the Herne CHP plant, comprises a scrubber tower, an absorp- tion column and a desorption column. ries and on the energy demands of CO2 scrubbing operations. In the course of the project, two particularly promising solvents were iden- tified; one was an amino acid, the other an amine. These molecules were extensively characterised in order to quantify their chemical stability, CO2 solubility, heat capacity, absorption enthalpy and their reaction kinetics. In addition, the CO2 loading capacity was determined experimentally between two specified temperatures. Compared to current conventional carbon cap- ture technology, which uses the amine MEA (monoethanolamine), the CO2 loading capacity of the new solvents was improved significantly. Further- more, a number of substances were identified that can act as kinetic promot- ers that significantly increase the absorption rate. To study these newly devel- oped solvents under more than just idealised laboratory conditions, an experimental plant was set up to facilitate testing in a realistic operation- al environment. The pilot car- bon capture unit was installed at the base of the chimney at the Herne CHP plant (Figure 86). The entire power plant pro- cess with end-of-pipe carbon capture system was modelled by exploiting the strengths of the simulation tools Aspen and EBSILON. This involved iden- tifying interfaces and enabling communication between the two programs in order to opti- mally model the overall process. Using the amino acid-based CO2 solvent enables the elec- tricity generation costs to be reduced by about 3% compa- red to using MEA as the solvent, despite the fact that investment 202PDF Image | Chemical Processes and Use of CO2
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