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CO2-KOMPRESSOR FUNDED PROJECTS Work Package 2: The aerodynamic and hydrodynamic design of the CO2 compressor Existing theories were unable to adequately describe the flow in the various compressor stages due to the dominance of the boundary layer effects in the miniature flow channels. Simulations were therefore required that would en- able the characteristic compressor performance parameters to be analysed. It was also necessary to study the fundamental relationships relevant to the com- pression-induced transition from the aerodynamic (gaseous) state of CO2 to the hydrodynamic (supercritical) state of CO2 and to describe this using the model. Work Package 3: Modelling and experimental investigation of the mechanics, particularly the rotor dynamics and gas-dynamic-induced shear losses in the high-speed electric drive This work package involved modelling the dynamics of a rotor comprising a shaft supported on a gas bearing, an armature and more than one compres- sor stages. The rotor system had to be designed so that the critical rotational frequencies were far enough away from the compressor’s potential opera- ting points. The model developed in this work package was to be used as the basis for developing the rotor components (See Work Package 5). When the rotor operates at high speeds (> 100,000 rpm), the viscous drag of the armature as it rotates in the surrounding gas results in frictional losses and attendant pressure drops. In the case of a gaseous medium, these losses are referred to as aerodynamic losses. The simulation experiments were desi- gned to generate dynamic models and parameter values that were suitable for comparison with the existing theories. The aim was to verify and/or con- firm these theories so that they could be used in Work Package 5 to minimise the shear losses within the motor. Work Package 4: Basic research for the development of a high-speed electric drive system In order to be able to access all of the compressor’s required operational sta- tes, the motor for the miniaturised CO2 compressor has to be operated in the approximate speed range 80,000–180,000 rpm. This required the develop- ment of a suitably configured solid-sate controller. The aim was to achieve an almost constant torque across the entire speed range. In that case, the power is approximately proportional to motor speed. Key sources of power loss within a motor are the copper losses in the copper windings of the sta- tor and the iron (or core) losses in the motor. The aim of the simulations was therefore to determine these individual losses at the drive’s control frequen- cy in order to identify any fundamental relations between hysteresis losses and eddy current losses and frequencies in the kilohertz range. Additional simulations were carried out at the control frequency aimed at investigating any relationships between high-frequency excitation and attenuation and including the results in the modelling of the system. 207PDF Image | Chemical Processes and Use of CO2
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