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Y. Xie et al. / Applied Energy 136 (2014) 325–335 331 Fig. 7. CO2 loading (a) and absorption enthalpy (b) in [emim]-based ILs. -j- [emim][BF4], -h- [emim][PF6], -d- [emim][Tf2N], -s- [emim][FAP], -N- [emim][TfO], -4- [emim][DEP], -.- [emim][MeSO3], -r- [emim][EtSO4]. Fig. 8. CO2 loading (a) and absorption enthalpy (b) in [bmim]-based ILs. -j- [bmim][BF4], -h- [bmim][PF6], -d- [bmim][Tf2N], -s- [bmim][NO3], -N- [bmim][DCA], -4- [bmim][TfO]. the CO2 absorption enthalpy in ILs can be predicted based on its effect on the CO2 loading. Compared to the effect of the chain length in cation, the effect of anion on the CO2 absorption enthalpy is much more complicated. Both the CO2 loading and the magni- tude of CO2 absorption enthalpy strongly depend on the anion of ILs, but from the knowledge of the effect of anion on the CO2 solu- bility, the effect of anion on the CO2 absorption enthalpy cannot be estimated, which makes it crucial to compare the energy consump- tion for a CO2 separation process using an IL. 3.3. Energy consumption for CO2 separation processes In order to suggest a proper IL for a CO2 separation process, energy consumption was analyzed in this section by considering pressure swing or/and temperature swing processes. 3.3.1. Pressure swing process It was assumed that CO2 was absorbed at 298 K and 1 MPa, IL was regenerated by decreasing the pressure to 0.1 MPa at the same temperature in the desorber, and only CO2 exist in the gas stream. The energy consumption consists of CO2 desorption enthalpy and the difference of the excess enthalpy between two streams accord- ing to Eq. (13). The energy consumption for all ILs as well as the contributions of CO2 desorption enthalpy (Qdes) and excess enthalpy (Qex) are listed in Table 4. It can be observed that the mag- nitude of Qex is 1–14% of Qdes and the CO2 desorption enthalpy con- tributes most to the total energy consumption. Table 4 Energy consumption for a pressure swing CO2 separation process. ILs [emim][BF4] [bmim][BF4] [hmim][BF4] [omim][BF4] [emim][PF6] [bmim][PF6] [hmim][PF6] [emim][Tf2N] [bmim][Tf2N] [hmim][Tf2N] [emim][FAP] [emim][TfO] [emim][DEP] [emim][MeSO3] [emim][EtSO4] [bmim][NO3] [bmim][DCA] [bmim][TfO] Qdes/kJ Qex/kJ 20.60 1.88 17.03 0.50 13.79 0.56 12.78 0.57 17.72 1.43 16.64 0.75 15.96 0.25 15.14 1.08 14.07 1.06 13.45 1.84 13.22 1.28 19.14 1.67 17.43 0.73 20.14 1.50 10.46 0.62 15.58 0.60 13.87 0.57 21.13 1.79 Qtotal/kJ 18.72 16.53 13.23 12.21 16.29 15.89 15.71 14.06 13.01 11.61 11.93 17.47 16.70 18.64 9.840 14.97 13.31 19.34 The amount of ILs and corresponding energy consumption to separate 1mol of CO2 using different ILs were illustrated in Fig. 9. For [emim][FAP], the amount of ILs is the least and the cor- responding energy consumption is not so high. From the energy point of view, [emim][EtSO4] is the solvent with the lowest energy consumption, but the amount is much more than other ILs in order to separate 1 mol of CO2 with the investigated ILs.PDF Image | CO2 Separation with Ionic Liquids
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