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78 Y. Xie et al. / Applied Energy 175 (2016) 69–81 Fig. 14. Influence of temperature in absorber on (a) CH4 yield (YCH ), CO2 removal efficiency (VCO ) and CH4 loss ratio (LCH ). (b) Recirculated solvent and energy consumption. 424 Fig. 15. Density (a) and viscosity (b) of water, 50% ChCl/Urea–water and [bmim][Tf2N]. increases up to 5 bar, LCH4 increases rapidly up to 0.056. Therefore, 3 bar is a proper pressure for Flash-1 in the studied case because YCH4 is 0.97 and LCH4 is only 0.012. As shown in Fig. 13(b), when the pressure in Flash-1 increases from 2 to 5 bar, the amount of recirculated solvents decreases from 31.3 to 19.7 t/h and the total energy consumptions decrease from 58.6 to 38.1 kw/h. 3.3.2.3. Absorber temperature. Temperature influences the gas solu- bility in solvents and then affects the upgrading efficiency. The CO2 solubility in ILs decreases when the absorber temperature increases, and then YCH4 decreases. As shown in Fig.14(a), YCH4 and RCO2 decrease slightly when the absorber temperature increases from 283 to 293 K. With further increase from 293 to 303 K, the rate of decrease is obvious. When the absorber temper- ature is 303 K, YCH4 is 0.91 and RCO2 is 0.88. When the temperature increases from 283 to 303 K, LCH4 keeps increasing from 0.013 to 0.018. In order to reach the product yield, the amounts of recirculated solvents increase with increasing temperature. In consequence, the power consumptions of pump increase. As shown in Fig. 14(b), when the absorber temperature increases from 283 to 303 K, the amount of recirculated solvents increases from 21.6 to 59.1 t/h and the total energy consumption increases from 41.6 to 49.7 kw/h. Based on the sensitivity analysis, we can draw the following conclusions. The absorber diameter keeps a constant and the pressure drop increases with increasing density of ILs. Both the absorber diameter and the pressure drop inside the absorber increase with increasing viscosity of ILs. When the pressure in the absorber increases from 6 to 10 bar, YCH4 and RCO2 increase to 0.98 and 0.97, respectively, LCH4 decrease to 0.012, and the amount of recirculated solvent decreases by 26% and the energy consump- tion increases by 43%. When the pressure of Flash-1 varies from 2 to 5 bar, YCH4 , RCO2 and LCH4 increase to 0.97, 0.97 and 0.056, respec- tively, and the amount of recirculated solvent and the energy con- sumption decrease by 37% and 35%, respectively. When the Fig. 16. CO2 loading (kg CO2/kg solvent) in water, 50% ChCl/Urea–water and [bmim] [Tf2N] at 313.2 K.PDF Image | CO2 Separation with Ionic Liquids
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