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6 Yujiao Xie/ Energy Procedia 00 (2016) 000–000 To investigate the effect of methane content and raw gas flow rate on energy balance of the aqueous [Amim][HCOO] scrubbing, a sensitivity analysis was performed and shown in Fig. 2. It is apparent that in the conditions of AD with food waste, the energy usage does not vary much, but there is a difference of approx. 6% in energy usage between the raw gases produced from ethanol stillage and from food waste. As shown in Fig. 2(b), assuming the methane content is 63%, the energy usage decreases with 7.2% when the raw biogas flow rate varies from 0.44 106 to 7.7 106 Nm3/year. With increasing biogas flow rate up 19 106 Nm3/year, the decrease of energy usage is not notable. 4. Conclusion In this work, the conceptual biogas upgrading process using water, [bmim][Tf2N], aqueous ChCl/Urea, and aqueous [Amim][HCOO] were assessed. The simulation indicates that the IL technology is promising in respect to the amount of recirculated solvent and the total energy usage for the upgrading process, especially aqueous [Amim][HCOO] and aqueous ChCl/Urea. The positive effect can be somewhat increased by using substrates such as food waste with a high lipid content. However, when above 60% methane in the gas, the energy saving is insignificant. Considering that biogas production is struggling with profitability, the expected energy saving using IL instead of water can make a positive feedback in general for using waste to produce vehicle fuel. However, future work with a techno- economic assessment is required to investigate the overall benefit of using IL compared to conventional water scrubbing technology. Moreover, the herein presented results aim to give an indication of the potential of IL technology in industrial settings. Industrial implementation of IL technology may involve unexpected energy losses and savings that are not included in this study. Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Swedish Energy Agency in Sweden, project no. 39592-1. References [1] Bauer F, Hulteberg C, Persson T, Tamm D. Biogas upgrading-Review of commercial technologies. SGC Rapport. 2013. [2] Wang X, Nordlander E, Thorin E, Yan J. Microalgal biomethane production integrated with an existing biogas plant: a case study in Sweden. Applied Energy. 2013;112:478-84. [3] Petersson A, WeLLInGer A. Biogas upgrading technologies–developments and innovations. IEA Bioenergy. 2009;20. [4] Lantz M. Biogas in Sweden-Opportunities and challenges from a systems perspective: Lund University; 2013. [5] Thrän D, Billig E, Persson T, Svensson M, Daniel-Gromke J, Ponitka J, et al. Biomethane–status and factors affecting market development and trade. Eds M Junginger, D Baxter, IEA Bioenergy. 2014. [6] SS 155438:2015. Motorbränslen - Metanrik gas som bränsle till snabbgående förbränningsmotorer - Krav och provningsmetoder. Utgåva 2 --FaM, SIS/TK 415. [7] Blanchard LA, Hancu D, Beckman EJ, Brennecke JF. Green processing using ionic liquids and CO2. Nature. 1999;399:28- 9. [8] Bidart C, Jiménez R, Carlesi C, Flores M, Berg Á. Synthesis and usage of common and functionalized ionic liquids for biogas upgrading. Chemical engineering journal. 2011;175:388-95. [9] Zhang X, Zhang S, Bao D, Huang Y, Zhang X. Absorption degree analysis on biogas separation with ionic liquid systems. Bioresource technology. 2015;175:135-41. [10] Xu Y, Huang Y, Wu B, Zhang X, Zhang S. Biogas upgrading technologies: Energetic analysis and environmental impact assessment. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering. 2015;23:247-54. [11] Xie Y, Ma C, Lu X, Ji X. Evaluation of imidazolium-based ionic liquids for biogas upgrading. Applied Energy. 2016;175:69-81. [12] Xie Y, Raut GD, Samikannu R, Mikkola J-P, Ji X. A thermodynamic study of aqueous [Amim][HCOO] ionic liquid as a tailored sorbent for CO2 separation. 2016. [13] Ma C, Xie Y, Liu C, Ji X, Lu X. Modeling and simulation of biogas upgrading using aqueous choline chloride/urea. Manuscript. 2016. [14] Wang LK, Ivanov V, Tay J-H, Hung Y-T. Environmental biotechnology: Springer Science & Business Media; 2010. Chapter 9: Ananerobic Digestion in Suspended Growth Bioreactors.PDF Image | CO2 Separation with Ionic Liquids
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