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Energies 2021, 14, 2406 20 of 26 Appendix A Table A1. Summary of other CCS facilities that are working in Europe. Name Status CATO Programme O CO2 MultiStore Joint Industrial C Project (JIP) QICS Project C ELCOGAS Pre-combustion Carbon Capture Pilot Project: Puertollano Country The Netherlands Data Industry 2004 Various Observations Responsible for covering the full CCS chain and addressing both fundamental and applied topics including regulation and safety and public perception Project is led by Scottish Carbon Capture and Storage with joint funding and expert support from CCS project developers and public corporations, to support the development of multi-use regional CO2 storage assets Project led by the Plymouth Marine Laboratory, to quantify and monitor Environmental Impacts of Geological Carbon Storage involved in the assessment and monitoring of the first controlled release of CO2 into seaed sediments CO2 FieldLab C Norway Project - N/A Project is led by Sintef Petroleum Research, with the purpose of testing the sensitivity of a variety of monitoring systems by observing the migration of small amounts of injected CO2 in the shallow subsurface UK 2012 N/A UK 2010 N/A Hisarma Pilot Plant (Reducing CO2 Emissions in Steelmaking) O The Netherlands 2007 Iron and Steel Production A coal-based Hisarna smelting reduction process in steelmaking industry was developed by Tata Steel, Rio Tinto and ULCOS partners, and it has been operational since 2011. CO2 emissions were reduced by 20%, and can be 80% lower when CCS is applied Table A2. Summary of pilot and demonstration mode CCS facilities in Europe. Name Status Country Data Industry Observations C Spain 2010 Power Generation A pilot plant was integrated into the Puertollano IGCC plant in Spain to test the feasibility of pre-combustion technology to capture CO2 in an IGCC environment that uses solid fossil fuels and wastes as feedstock; operational tests occurred in 2010/2011 Aberthaw Pilot Carbon Capture C UK Facility Power A pilot-scale plant at the Aberthaw power station 2013 generation in South Wales UK tested the Cansolv integrated CO2 and SO2 removal system during 2013/2014 Abu Dhabi CCS (Phase 1 being O United Arab Enirates Steel Emirates Industries) 2016 Iron and Steel Production First fully commercial CCS facility in the iron and steel industry, and involves the CO2 capture via a new build CO2 Compression facility using high purity CO2 produced as a by-product of the direct reduced iron-making process at the Emirates Steel Industries factory in Mussafah. The compression facility has a capture capacity of 0.8 Mtpa. The CO2 is captured and is transported via pipeline to Abu Dhabi National Oil Company ADNOC oil reservoirs for EOR Acorn (Minimum Viable CCS AD Development) United Kingdom 2021–2022 Various Initiate a low cost full chain CCS project in the North East of Scotland; cluster of capture, transport and storage infrastructure; CO2 is separated from natural gas and vented, adjacent to an offshore transport pipeline, which connects to a well understood offshore basin, rich in storage opportunitiesPDF Image | Current Developments of Carbon Capture Storage
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