PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 008
The use of an IL composed of non-acidic cations enabled electrocarboxylated products to be The use of an IL composed of non-acidic cations enabled electrocarboxylated products to be obtained. When [PP13]TFSI was used, around 10% of electrocarboxylated products (p-cyanobenzoic obtained. When [PP13]TFSI was used, around 10% of electrocarboxylated products (p-cyanobenzoic acid (3) and benzoic acid (4)) were obtained using carbon electrodes (Scheme 5, entries 2 and 3). The acid (3) and benzoic acid (4)) were obtained using carbon electrodes (Scheme 5, entries 2 and 3). The use of a high reduction potential value caused the appearance of an unexpected carboxylation use of a high reduction potential value caused the appearance of an unexpected carboxylation product, 4, which should be related to the further electrochemical reactions of compound 3 that take Captarloydstus 2c0t,194,,9w, 4h1i3ch should be related to the further electrochemical reactions of compound 3 that tak8eof 12 place under these electrochemical conditions. Note that when the charge passed to the system place under these electrochemical conditions. Note that when the charge passed to the system increased, the only product obtained was 4 in a 12% yield (entry 3). To confirm this hypothesis, a increased, the only product obtained was 4 in a 12% yield (entry 3). To confirm this hypothesis, a controlled potential electrolysis of 3 was performed under the same electrochemical and chemical product obtained was 4 in a 12% yield (entry 3). To confirm this hypothesis, a controlled potential controlled potential electrolysis of 3 was performed under the same electrochemical and chemical conditions previously described in entry 3, revealing the formation of benzoic acid in a ca. 25% yield. electrolysis of 3 was performed under the same electrochemical and chemical conditions previously conditions previously described in entry 3, revealing the formation of benzoic acid in a ca. 25% yield. described in entry 3, revealing the formation of benzoic acid in a ca. 25% yield. Scheme 5. Electrocarboxylation of 1 acid under CO2 atmosphere using graphite as a cathode. Scheme 5. Electrocarboxylation of 1 acid under CO2 atmosphere using graphite as a cathode. Scheme 5. Electrocarboxylation of 1 acid under CO2 atmosphere using graphite as a cathode. The use of silver cathodes allowed working under milder conditions, and as a consequence, not only The use of silver cathodes allowed working under milder conditions, and as a consequence, not The use of silver cathodes allowed working under milder conditions, and as a consequence, not were the electrocarboxylation yields almost three times higher, but also the selectivity of the increases, only were the electrocarboxylation yields almost three times higher, but also the selectivity of the only were the electrocarboxylation yields almost three times higher, but also the selectivity of the and only 3 was obtained as a carboxylation product in [PP13]TFSI (entries 5–7). Only compounds 2 and increases, and only 3 was obtained as a carboxylation product in [PP13]TFSI (entries 5–7). Only increases, and only 3 was obtained as a carboxylation product in [PP13]TFSI (entries 5–7). Only 3 were obtained in 70% and 30% yields, respectively, when exhaustive controlled potential electrolysis compounds 2 and 3 were obtained in 70% and 30% yields, respectively, when exhaustive controlled compounds 2 and 3 were obtained in 70% and 30% yields, respectively, when exhaustive controlled was performed. These results can also be reproduced using two different ILs consisting of non-acidic potential electrolysis was performed. These results can also be reproduced using two different ILs potential electrolysis was performed. These results can also be reproduced using two different ILs cactoinosnis,tisnugchaso1f-butyln-o1n-m-aecitdhiyclpyrrocalitdioinsiu,mbisu(tcrhifluoroamsethy1l-sbuulptyhl-o1n-myle)itmhyildpeyr(r[BolMidPinyiru]mTFSI) consisting of non-acidic cations, such as 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium anbdis(trNifl-utroirmometehtyhly-lNsu-lbpuhtoynlayml)imoidneium ([BmMetPhyyrl]iTmFSidI)azoliaunmd bisN(t-rtriflimueotrhoyml-Net-hbyultsyulalpmhmononyilu)imide bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide ([BMPyr]TFSI) and N-trimethyl-N-butylammonium ([mNe1t1h1y4l]imTFidSaI)z,oelniutmriebsis8(tarnifdlu9oroemspeethctyilvseulyp.hIonnayll)itmhiedcea(s[eNs1,1c1o4n]vTeFrSsIi)o,nenrtarites8ca.n3d09%rewspeerectoivbetlayi.ned methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide ([N1114]TFSI), entries 8 and 9 respectively. In all the cases, conversion rates ca. 30% were obtained (Scheme 6). (Scheme 6). In all the cases, conversion rates ca. 30% were obtained (Scheme 6). Scheme 6. Electrocarboxylation of 1 under CO2 atmosphere using silver as a cathode. Scheme 6. Electrocarboxylation of 1 under CO2 atmosphere using silver as a cathode. Scheme 6. Electrocarboxylation of 1 under CO2 atmosphere using silver as a cathode. 3. Materials and Methods 3.1. Materials Carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and nitrogen (N2 ) were purchased from Carburos Metálicos S.A. (Cornellà de Llobregat, Spain), purity of 99.9999%). All of the commercially available reagents, p-cyanobenzoic acid, 4-iodobenzonitrile, benzonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TBABF4) were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (Madrid, Spain) with maximum purity and used as received. 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([EMIM]TFSI), 1-methyl-1-propylpiperidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide ([PP13]TFSI), 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide ([BMPyr]TFSI) and N-trimethyl-N-butylammonium methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide ([N1114]TFSI) were acquired from Solvionic (Toulouse, France)and were dried with activated molecular sieves for 24 h in order to guarantee that the amount of water was always less than 100 ppm. 3.2. Electrochemical Experiments An electrochemical conical cell was used for the set-up of the three-electrode system. For cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments, the working electrode was a silver disk with a diameter of 1.6 mm and a glassy carbon disk with a diameter of 1 mm. It was polished using a 1 mm diamond paste. The counter electrode was a Pt disk <1 mm in diameter. All of the potentials were reported versus an aqueous saturated calomel electrode (SCE) isolated from the working electrode compartment by a salt bridge. The salt solution of the reference calomel electrode was separated from the electrochemical solution by a salt bridge ended with a frit, which was made of a ceramic material, allowing ionic conduction between the two solutions and avoiding appreciable contamination. Ideally, the electrolyte solution present in the bridge is the same as the one used for the electrochemical solution, in orderPDF Image | Electrocatalytic Processes for the Valorization of CO2
PDF Search Title:
Electrocatalytic Processes for the Valorization of CO2Original File Name Searched:
catalysts-09-00413.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)